三江源国家公园生物多样性保护创新及实践

Innovation and practice on biodiversity conservation in Sanjiangyuan National Park

        赵新全^1,2*(中国科学院西北高原生物研究所 西宁 810008;青海大学 省部共建三江源生态与高原农牧业国家重点实验室 西宁 810016)
        徐世晓¹(中国科学院西北高原生物研究所 西宁 810008)
        赵亮¹(中国科学院西北高原生物研究所 西宁 810008)
        张同作¹(中国科学院西北高原生物研究所 西宁 810008)
        胡林勇¹(中国科学院西北高原生物研究所 西宁 810008)
        李奇¹(中国科学院西北高原生物研究所 西宁 810008)
        郭同庆¹(中国科学院西北高原生物研究所 西宁 810008)

         草地多功能性;生物多样性保护;再野化;草畜平衡;国家公园

        grassland multifunctionality;biodiversity conservation;rewilding;grassland-livestock balance;national park

        三江源国家公园是我国正式设立的首批国家公园之一，也是我国面积最大的国家公园，作为我国重要的生态安全屏障和高原生物种质资源库，在全国乃至世界范围都具有重大的保护价值。针对三江源国家公园生物多样性丧失、野生动物栖息地破坏、高寒草地退化和家畜超载放牧等一系列生态保护问题，基于草地多功能目标管理理论创新和生物多样性保护新技术研发，推动生态保护、修复重大工程的落地实施，形成了三江源国家公园生物多样性保护和民生改善的科技支撑新范式，为我国生态文明建设提供了实践方案，为全球国家公园建设提供了中国智慧，为全球生物多样性保护提供了中国方案。

        Sanjiangyuan National Park, is one of the first batch of national parks in China, and serves as the largest national park in China. As an important ecological security barrier and a alpine biological germplasm resource base, it has significant conservation value in China and even in the world. Lots of protocols have been taken aiming at ecological tacking protection issues including loss of biodiversity and wildlife habitats, degradation of alpine grassland and overgrazing in Sanjiangyuan National Park. It promotes the implementation of major ecological restoration projects, and has formed the Sanjiangyuan National Park Biodiversity Conservation and Ecological Protection Program with the basics of the theory of grassland multifunctional target management and the new technologies of biodiversity protection. It has formed a new paradigm of scientific research support for biodiversity conservation and improvement of livelihoods for herds in the park, providing practical solutions for the construction of China’s ecological civilization, Chinese wisdom for the construction of national parks around the world, and Chinese solutions for global biodiversity conservation.