打赢“三北”攻坚战，再造一个“新三北”：实现路径与战略规划

Implementation path and strategic planning of winning the battle of “Three-North” and reconstructing “New Three-North”

        卢琦^1,2(中国林业科学研究院生态保护与修复研究所 北京 100091;中国林业科学研究院荒漠化研究所 北京 100091)
        肖春蕾³(中国自然资源航空物探遥感中心 北京 100083)
        包英爽^1,2(中国林业科学研究院生态保护与修复研究所 北京 100091;中国林业科学研究院荒漠化研究所 北京 100091)
        崔梦淳^1,2(中国林业科学研究院生态保护与修复研究所 北京 100091;中国林业科学研究院荒漠化研究所 北京 100091)
        曹晓明^1,2(中国林业科学研究院生态保护与修复研究所 北京 100091;中国林业科学研究院荒漠化研究所 北京 100091)
        却晓娥^1,2(中国林业科学研究院生态保护与修复研究所 北京 100091;中国林业科学研究院荒漠化研究所 北京 100091)
        杨柳^1,2(中国林业科学研究院生态保护与修复研究所 北京 100091;中国林业科学研究院荒漠化研究所 北京 100091)
        崔桂鹏^1,2*(中国林业科学研究院生态保护与修复研究所 北京 100091;中国林业科学研究院荒漠化研究所 北京 100091)

         “三北”工程;荒漠化防治;新“三北”工程;三大标志性战役;战略愿景

        three-north project;combating desertification;new three-north project;three landmark battles;strategy vision

        45年来，中国持续开展“三北”防护林体系建设工程（简称“三北”工程），工程区的土地沙化、盐渍化、水土流失等环境恶化状况得到了有效遏制和根本性改善，沙区人民群众脱贫致富、生活安康。新时期、新要求，“三北”工程也面临一些新挑战，亟待实现转型升级、提质增效。文章系统梳理和分析了当前“三北”工程建设面临的新形势和新任务，聚焦“三北”工程总规和第6期规划，立足实现“三个转变”的路径安排，规划未来10年“三北”工程“三大标志性战役”的战略布局，擘画未来“新三北”工程的战略愿景，提出加强机构和能力建设、打造示范样板、强化科技支撑等一系列政策建议。

        Over the past 45 years, China has accomplished great achievements in carrying out “Three-North” project. Through largescale vegetation construction, the trends of land desertification, soil salinization, soil erosion and the deterioration of people’s living environment in the “Three-North” areas have been effectively restrained. The people in the desert area are getting rid of poverty and living a healthy life. In the new era, the “Three-North” project has encountered new demands, new challenges and new opportunities, and it is urgent to achieve a significant transform and upgrade and to improve quality and efficiency. This paper summarizes the current situation of the “Three-North” project construction, focuses on the three-north project general planning and the sixth phase planning and the realization path of the “three transformations”, interprets the strategic planning of the “three iconic battles” in the next ten years, and describes the strategic vision of “New Three-North” in the future. A series of specific policy suggestions are put forward such as strengthening institution and capacity building, demonstration zone planning and strengthening scientific and technological support.