算法的知识产权保护路径选择

The Path Choice of Algorithm Intellectual Property Protection

        靳雨露 肖尤丹

         算法，程序算法，知识产权，管制性排他权，准专利权

        algorithm, program algorithm, intellectual property right, regulatory exclusivity, quasi patent

        算法的知识产权保护是激励算法创新、规制算法风险的有力途径。知识产权保护的算法是以计算机语言编译，以代码化指令序列为表现形式，由计算机运行并产生独立理性价值结果的程序算法。文章梳理得出，知识产权保护程序算法的传统路径存在以下弊端：程序算法与著作权法体系冲突；商业秘密路径与程序算法治理背离；程序算法难以被认定为是方法发明，也无法适用方法发明权利规则。文章提出，智能社会程序算法知识产权保护的最优路径为：参考国际上管制性排他权的理念，构建新型程序算法准专利权，并基于算法自身技术特性搭配公开审查制、同等侵权和分级保护期制度。

        Protection of algorithm by intellectual property is a powerful way to stimulate innovation and regulate the risk of the algorithm. Algorithm that can be protected by intellectual property right is the program algorithm, which is compiled in computer language, in the form of coded instruction sequence, run by the computer and produce independent rational value results. The article is combed out that there are drawbacks to the traditional path of IP to protect program algorithms: it has conflict between program algorithm and copyright law system; the trade secret path is at odds with program algorithmic governance; and program algorithm can hardly be identified as method invention and cannot apply the rule of method invention right. The article proposes it is the optimal approach of program algorithm intellectual property protection in intelligent society that, to construct the new program algorithm quasi patent right, with reference to the concept of quasi-patent right such as regulatory exclusive right, and to design the public review system, the equivalent infringement doctrine, the hierarchical protection period system, based on the technical characteristics of the algorithm itself.