变化环境下城市暴雨致灾防御对策与建议
Prevention Countermeasures and Suggestions for Urban Rainstorm Disasters Under Changing Environment
Prevention Countermeasures and Suggestions for Urban Rainstorm Disasters Under Changing Environment
作者
张楚汉1,2*(清华大学 水利水电工程系 北京 100084;水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室 北京 100084)
王光谦1,2*(清华大学 水利水电工程系 北京 100084;水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室 北京 100084)
李铁键(清华大学 水利水电工程系 北京 100084;水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室 北京 100084)
王光谦1,2*(清华大学 水利水电工程系 北京 100084;水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室 北京 100084)
李铁键(清华大学 水利水电工程系 北京 100084;水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室 北京 100084)
中文关键词
暴雨;城市;洪涝灾害;工程体系;应急管理
英文关键词
rainstorm;city;flooding and inundation disasters;infrastructure system;emergency management
中文摘要
2021年7月20日，河南郑州发生特大暴雨，强度和范围突破历史记录，远超城乡防洪排涝能力，导致城市内涝、河流洪水、山洪滑坡等多灾并发，是一次造成重大人员伤亡和财产损失的特别重大自然灾害。放眼全国，谋划未来，建议：深刻认识气候变化和快速城市化对城市洪涝灾害防治的显著影响，提高变化环境下城市洪涝灾害风险意识；将防御洪涝作为确定城市建设空间规划的刚性约束，动态修订相关规划，加快构建城市防御洪涝灾害的工程体系；多措并举，科学提升城市防灾减灾与应急管理水平。
英文摘要
On July 20, 2021, an extraordinary rainstorm struck Zhengzhou, Henan Province, marked a new intensity record over China mainland. This rainstorm exceeded the capacity of drainage and flood protection systems in the urban districts and its surrounding rural areas of the city, and thus caused extensive inundation and flooding. This is an extraordinary severe natural disaster with heavy casualties and property loss. To have a broad view over the whole country and to look into the future for rainstorm disaster prevention, we proposed the following suggestions in this study. First, we must recognize the significant impact of the climate change and rapid urbanization on the prevention and mitigation of urban rainstorm disasters, and sharpen our risk awareness under the changing environments. Second, we should put rainstorm disaster prevention as a rigid constraint for urban space arrangement and development, revise the related planning correspondingly, and construct the urban infrastructure system for disaster prevention at a faster pace. Third, we should take multiple measures comprehensively to promote emergency management, for rainstorm disaster prevention, and mitigation of cities in a scientific way.
DOI10.16418/j.issn.1000-3045.20220625002
作者简介
张楚汉 中国科学院院士。清华大学教授,主要从事水利工程与水科学研究。主持或参与了我国南水北调工程、西南大水电站群开发等项目研究,以及水利学科发展战略、黄河水与工程方略、城市特大暴雨致灾防御的关键问题与对策等重大战略咨询项目。
E-mail:zch-dhh@tsinghua.edu.cn
ZHANG Chuhan Professor at Tsinghua University, Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). His research field concentrates on hydraulic engineering and hydroscience. He presided over or participated in major engineering projects from the CAS, with topics including the South-to-North Water Diversion Project, the development of large hydropower stations in Southwest China, and consulting projects from CAS, including the development strategy of hydroscience and engineering, water resources and engineering strategy of the Yellow River, and the key problems and countermeasures for urban rainstorm disasters.
E-mail:zch-dhh@tsinghua.edu.cn
王光谦 中国科学院院士。清华大学教授。主要从事水科学、泥沙与河流动力学研究等。现任清华大学副校长、第十三届全国政协常委,中国民主同盟第十二届中央副主席。
E-mail:dhhwgq@tsinghua.edu.cn
WANG Guangqian Professor at Tsinghua University, Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Currently, he is Vice President of Tsinghua University, a member of the Standing Committee of the 13th CPPCC National Committee, and Vice Chairman of the 12th Central Committee of the China Democratic League. His research fields include hydroscience, sediment and river dynamics.
E-mail:dhhwgq@tsinghua.edu.cn
E-mail:zch-dhh@tsinghua.edu.cn
ZHANG Chuhan Professor at Tsinghua University, Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). His research field concentrates on hydraulic engineering and hydroscience. He presided over or participated in major engineering projects from the CAS, with topics including the South-to-North Water Diversion Project, the development of large hydropower stations in Southwest China, and consulting projects from CAS, including the development strategy of hydroscience and engineering, water resources and engineering strategy of the Yellow River, and the key problems and countermeasures for urban rainstorm disasters.
E-mail:zch-dhh@tsinghua.edu.cn
王光谦 中国科学院院士。清华大学教授。主要从事水科学、泥沙与河流动力学研究等。现任清华大学副校长、第十三届全国政协常委,中国民主同盟第十二届中央副主席。
E-mail:dhhwgq@tsinghua.edu.cn
WANG Guangqian Professor at Tsinghua University, Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Currently, he is Vice President of Tsinghua University, a member of the Standing Committee of the 13th CPPCC National Committee, and Vice Chairman of the 12th Central Committee of the China Democratic League. His research fields include hydroscience, sediment and river dynamics.
E-mail:dhhwgq@tsinghua.edu.cn
