“三泵集成”打造海洋 CO2负排放生态工程

Advocating an Eco-engineering Approach for Ocean Carbon Negative Emission
作者
        王誉泽 鲁鋆 刘纪化 张传伦
中文关键词
         生物泵,微型生物碳泵,碳酸盐泵,海洋碳封存,海洋负排放生态工程
英文关键词
        biological pump (BP), microbial carbon pump (MCP), carbonate carbon pump (CCP), marine carbon storage, ocean carbon negative emission geoengineering
中文摘要
        微型生物(包括细菌、古菌和病毒)是海洋碳循环的巨大幕后推手,在全球气候变化中发挥了举足轻重的作用。大气二氧化碳(CO2)由海洋藻类生物转变成可沉降有机组分(生物泵),经过细菌和古菌及其他生物和病毒作用(微型生物碳泵),在广阔水体中产生的惰性有机碳(RDOC)可在千年时间尺度上被封存,其伴随颗粒物进一步沉降到海底由底栖微生物作用变成碳酸盐矿物(碳酸盐泵)得以更长时间尺度的封存。文章在充分了解海洋微生物过程和机制的基础上,阐述“三泵(生物泵、微型生物碳泵、碳酸盐泵)集成”的固碳、储碳原理和优势;采用人工智能手段,制定海洋负排放工程可行性方案,为海洋碳封存提供可监测、可报告、可核查的理论依据和实验场景。从科学原理上,该方案的实施将可望助力我国2060年实现碳中和的宏伟目标。
英文摘要
        Micro-organisms such as bacteria, archaea, and viruses are an immense invisible driving force behind the ocean carbon cycle and play a pivotal role in global climate change. Atmospheric CO2 is transformed into depositing organic components with the help of marine planktonic organisms which act as a biological pump (BP). The labile organic components are then transformed into recalcitrant organic carbon (RDOC) through the action of bacteria, archaea, and other organisms and viruses, which are called the microbial carbon pump (MCP). RDOC can be stored over thousands of years in the water column and the accompanying particulate organic matter can further settle on the seafloor and be transformed into carbonate minerals (carbonate carbon pump, CCP) by the action of benthic microorganisms for storage over a longer time period. Based on a full understanding of marine microbial processes and mechanisms, this article explains the principles and advantages of carbon sequestration and carbon storage integrated with BP, MCP, and CCP by using an eco-engineering approach to develop ocean negative emission strategies. The engineering feasibility plan, facilitated with artificial intelligence measures, provides a theoretical basis and experimental scenario that can be monitored, reported, and verified for ocean carbon storage. The implementation of this plan will provide valuable information for achieving the important goal of carbon neutrality by 2060.
作者简介
王誉泽
南方科技大学海洋科学与工程系助理教授(副高级)、博士生导师。研究方向主要集中于成矿过程的微观机理及工程应用。在Géotechnique、ASCE JGGE、Engineering Geology、Geotextiles & Geomembranes和Science of the Total Environment等期刊发表学术论文10余篇。
E-mail: wangyz@sustech.edu.cn
WANG Yuze
Assistant Professor (Associate Senior) and Doctoral Supervisor at the Department of Marine Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology. Her research mainly focuses on the micro-mechanism and engineering application of the mineralization process. She has published more than ten academic papers in the journals including Géotechnique, ASCE JGGE, Engineering Geology, Geotextiles &Geomembranes, and Science of the Total Environment.
E-mail: wangyz@sustech.edu.cn

张传伦
南方科技大学海洋科学与工程系讲席教授,国家特聘教授。研究方向为微生物在环境及能源、地质历史演化及全球变化中的作用。担任 Frontiers in Microbiology-Biology of Archaea主编。在 Science、PNAS、Geology 等国际地球科学和生命科学期刊发表学术论文200余篇。
E-mail: zhangcl@sustech.edu.cn.
ZHANG Chuanlun
Chair Professor and National Distinguished Professor of Department of Ocean Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology. His research directions include the role of microorganisms in the environment and energy, geological historical evolution and global change. He is currently the Editor-in-Chief of Frontiers in Microbiology-Biology of Archaea. He has published more than 200 academic papers in international earth science and life science journals including Science, PNAS, and Geology.
E-mail: zhangcl@sustech.edu.cn.
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