构建数字化世界的伦理秩序

Constructing Ethical Order of Digital World
作者
        王国豫1,2(复旦大学 哲学学院 上海 200433;复旦大学生命医学伦理研究中心 上海 200433)
        梅宏3,4*(高可信软件技术教育部重点实验室(北京大学) 北京 100871;北京大数据先进技术研究院 北京 100195)
中文关键词
         数字化;数字世界;伦理秩序;建构
英文关键词
        digitization;digital world;ethical order;construct
中文摘要
        伴随着数字化转型和数字中国的建设,一个与现实世界平行的数字世界正在诞生。历史地看,数字塑造了我们对世界和人类自己的认知。数字化转型将进一步拓展人类的认知空间和认知手段,释放生产力,改变人们的思维和行为方式。然而,数字化世界中的人和物的虚拟性与“脱域”特征,引发了数字世界的伦理问题,因此亟待建构和完善数字世界的伦理秩序。文章总结了现有的科技伦理学介入数字化进程的3条路径:对“数据主义”的批判、伦理嵌入算法和道德物化,以及通过法律和政策调控的负责任创新;提出塑造数字化世界的伦理秩序必须提高数字化时代民众参与数字化转型和治理的能力;建议要像花大力气建设数字化基础设施那样,提升数字化时代公众的数字能力。
英文摘要
        With the digital transformation and the construction of digital China, a digital world parallel to the real world is being born. Historically, numbers have shaped our perception of the world and human beings. Digital transformation will further expand human cognitive space and means, release productivity, and change the way people think and behave. However, the virtuality and "outof domain" characteristics of people and things in the digital world have caused ethical problems in the digital world. Therefore, it is urgent to construct and improve the ethical order of the digital world. The article summarizes the existing three paths of scientific and technological ethics involved in the digitalization process:the criticism of "Dataism", the embedding of ethics into algorithms and moral materialization, and the responsible innovation through legal and policy regulation. It proposes to shape the ethical order of the digital world. The ability of people to participate in digital transformation and governance in the digital age must be improved. It is recommended to improve the digital capabilities of the public in the digital age just like spending great efforts to build digital infrastructure.
DOI10.16418/j.issn.1000-3045.20211106001
作者简介
王国豫 复旦大学哲学学院教授、博士生导师,复旦大学生命医学伦理研究中心、应用伦理学研究中心主任。中国自然辩证法研究会科技与工程伦理专业委员会副理事长,上海市自然辩证法研究会理事长,上海国家新一代人工智能创新发展试验区专家咨询委员会委员,中国计算机学会职业伦理与学术道德委员会共同主席。主要从事应用伦理学和科技伦理、科技哲学的研究。
E-mail:wguoyu@fudan.edu.cn
WANG Guoyu Professor, Ph.D. Supervisor of School of Philosophy, Fudan University. Director of Center for Biomedical Ethics, and also Director of Applied Ethics Center, Fudan University. Vice Chairman of Science, Technology and Engineering Ethics Committee, Chinese Society for Dialectics of Nature/Philosophy of Nature, Science and Technology (CSDN/PNST). Chairwoman of Shanghai Society of Dialectics of Nature, Member of the Expert Advisory Committee of Shanghai National Pilot Area for New Generation AI Innovation and Development, and Chairwoman of the Committee for Professional and Academic Ethics of China Computer Federation (CCF). Main research fields:applied ethics, ethics and philosophy of technology.
E-mail:wguoyu@fudan.edu.cn
梅宏 中国科学院院士,发展中国家科学院院士,欧洲科学院外籍院士,电气和电子工程师学会(IEEE)会士。高可信软件技术教育部重点实验室(北京大学)主任、教授。北京大数据先进技术研究院理事长,中国计算机学会理事长。主要从事软件工程和系统软件领域的研究。
E-mail:meih@pku.edu.cn
MEI Hong Academician of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Fellow of the World Academy of Sciences for the advancement of science in developing countries (TWAS), Foreign Member of Academia Europaea, IEEE Fellow. Professor and Director of Key Laboratory of High Confidence Software Technologies of Ministry of Education (MOE) at Peking University, President of Advanced Institute of Big Data, Beijing, President of China Computer Federation (CCF). His current research covers software engineering and system software.
E-mail:meih@pku.edu.cn
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