地球大数据支持下的城市可持续发展评估:指标、数据与方法

Urban Sustainable Development Evaluation with Big Earth Data: Data, Indicators, and Methods
作者
        高峻1,2(上海师范大学 环境与地理科学院 上海 200234;上海师范大学 城市发展研究院 上海 200234)
        张中浩1,2(上海师范大学 环境与地理科学院 上海 200234;上海师范大学 城市发展研究院 上海 200234)
        李巍岳1,2(上海师范大学 环境与地理科学院 上海 200234;上海师范大学 城市发展研究院 上海 200234)
        孙凤云1,2(上海师范大学 环境与地理科学院 上海 200234;上海师范大学 城市发展研究院 上海 200234)
        胡熠娜1,2(上海师范大学 环境与地理科学院 上海 200234;上海师范大学 城市发展研究院 上海 200234)
        王亮绪1,2(上海师范大学 环境与地理科学院 上海 200234;上海师范大学 城市发展研究院 上海 200234)
        付晶1,2(上海师范大学 环境与地理科学院 上海 200234;上海师范大学 城市发展研究院 上海 200234)
        李新3*(中国科学院青藏高原研究所 北京 100039)
        程国栋1,2*(上海师范大学 环境与地理科学院 上海 200234;上海师范大学 城市发展研究院 上海 200234)
中文关键词
         城市可持续发展;地球大数据;可持续发展目标;指标
英文关键词
        urban sustainability;Big Earth Data;Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs);indicators
中文摘要
        城市的可持续发展是实现联合国2030年可持续发展目标(SDGs)的关键。地球大数据对于克服城市可持续发展评估中传统统计数据的不足具有重要意义,它能够凭借宏观、动态、多样的优势为城市可持续发展评估提供新的动力。文章在系统梳理国内外城市可持续性评价指标研究与评估实践的基础上,以SDG 11(可持续城市与社区)为核心,兼顾其他SDGs中体现城市可持续发展的维度,充分挖掘地球大数据完备、实时、稳健、客观等优势,选取12个适合运用地球大数据来进行评估的指标。其中,7个直接指标从SDG11具体标中抽取,依次为SDG 11.1、SDG 11.2、SDG 11.3、SDG 11.6、SDG 11.7、SDG 11.a、SDG 11.b等;另外5个关联指标为不包含在SDG 11中,但与城市可持续评估息息相关的代表性评价指标,分别为SDG6.3、SDG 7.2、SDG 8.1、SDG 9c、SDG 15.1等。文章介绍这12个指标在城市可持续评估中可发挥的作用,以及评估的数据、指标与方法。最后,提出基于地球大数据进行可持续指标计算,实现了对多源信息的整合利用,将有助于实现更加定量、实时、精细的城市可持续评价。
英文摘要
        The sustainable development of cities is the key to achieving the United Nations 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). There have been numbers of studies on urban sustainable development assessment, but the existing indicators are usually based on traditional statistical data, which makes urban sustainable development assessment limited in global city assessment and comparison. Big Earth Data can overcome the problems of traditional data statistics such as inconsistent statistical caliber, incomplete statistical information, and difficulty in obtaining data. With its macroscopic, dynamic, and diverse advantages, it can provide new assistance for urban sustainable development assessment. Based on the research on sustainable development of cities worldwide, this study sorts out the SDG 11 and other goals related to urban sustainability, and discusses the possibility of Big Earth Data, such as remote sensing data and the Internet big data, in the urban sustainable development evaluation. This study hopes to provide a scientific reference for the sustainable development of cities. The sustainability indicators using the Big Earth Data has realized the integration and utilization of multi-source information, which will help to achieve more quantitative, real-time, and detailed evaluation for urban sustainability.
DOI10.16418/j.issn.1000-3045.20210713001
作者简介
高峻 上海师范大学环境与地理科学学院院长、教授,长三角城市湿地生态系统国家野外科学观测站站长。主要从事城市生态与可持续发展研究。
E-mail:gaojun@shnu.edu.cn
GAO Jun Dean, Professor and Doctoral Supervisor of School of Environmental and Geographical Sciences, Shanghai Normal University. He is currently serving as the Director of Yangtze River Delta Urban Wetland Ecosystem National Field Observation and Research Station. His research focuses on urban ecology and sustainable development.
E-mail:gaojun@shnu.edu.cn
李新 中国科学院青藏高原研究所研究员,国家青藏高原科学数据中心主任。国家杰出青年科学基金获得者。主要从事流域集成、陆面数据同化、冰冻圈遥感与信息系统方面的研究。
E-mail:xinli@itpcas.ac.cn
LI Xin Professor at the Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), and Director of National Tibetan Plateau/Third Pole Environment Data Center. He is a recipient of the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars. His research focuses on watershed integration, land surface data assimilation, cryosphere remote sensing and information system.
E-mail:xinli@itpcas.ac.cn
程国栋中国科学院院士。中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院研究员,上海师范大学环境与地理科学学院名誉院长。主要研究方向为冻土与寒区工程、寒旱区人地系统机理与区域可持续发展、寒旱区水资源环境与生态经济、寒区遥感与地理信息系统应用。
E-mail:gdcheng@lzb.ac.cn
CHENG Guodong Academician of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Professor at Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), and Honorary Dean of School of Environmental and Geographical Sciences, Shanghai Normal University. His main research focuses on the frozen soil and cold area engineering, human-land system mechanism and regional sustainable development in cold and arid regions, water resources environment and ecological economy in cold and arid regions, and remote sensing and geographic information system applications in cold area.
E-mail:gdcheng@lzb.ac.cn
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