地球大数据助力“可持续城市和社区”目标实现：进展与挑战
Big Earth Data Supports Sustainable Cities and Communities: Progress and Challenges
Big Earth Data Supports Sustainable Cities and Communities: Progress and Challenges
作者
黄春林1(中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 兰州 730000)
孙中昶2,3*(可持续发展大数据国际研究中心 北京 100094;中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 北京 100094)
蒋会平3(中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 北京 100094)
王江浩4(中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 北京 100101)
王鹏龙1(中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 兰州 730000)
陶金花3(中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 北京 100094)
刘海猛4(中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 北京 100101)
刘南江5(国家减灾中心 北京 100124)
孙中昶2,3*(可持续发展大数据国际研究中心 北京 100094;中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 北京 100094)
蒋会平3(中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 北京 100094)
王江浩4(中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 北京 100101)
王鹏龙1(中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 兰州 730000)
陶金花3(中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 北京 100094)
刘海猛4(中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 北京 100101)
刘南江5(国家减灾中心 北京 100124)
中文关键词
可持续发展目标;地球大数据;可持续城市和社区
英文关键词
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs);Big Earth Data;sustainable cities and communities
中文摘要
“可持续城市和社区”（SDG 11）是实现所有17项联合国可持续发展目标（SDGs）的核心。然而，普遍存在的数据缺失问题导致目前SDG 11指标监测与评估工作的开展仍面临巨大挑战。地球大数据作为科技创新和大数据的重要组成部分，在促进城市可持续发展方面能够发挥关键作用。文章重点围绕城市可持续发展的6个主题，包括城市住房、城市公共交通、城镇化、城市灾害、空气质量、开放公共空间，基于地球大数据技术，针对相应的多个具体指标，在中国尺度上开展进展监测和综合评估。在上述分析的基础上，文章总结了SDG 11实现面临的挑战；并提出了构建可持续发展大数据信息平台、加强科学技术在SDG 11实现中的杠杆作用、积极开展SDG 11综合应用示范，以及加强国内外相关机构的科技合作等建议和举措。
英文摘要
SDG 11-sustainable cities and communities is central to achieving all 17 SDGs. However, the lack of data is the main challenge for monitoring and assessing SDG 11 indicators. As an important aspect of technological innovation and big data, Big Earth Data can offer a new key to generate knowledge about the Earth, playing a major role in promoting sustainable development. In this research, we conducted many practical cases to monitor the progress of SDG indicators centered on urban sustainable development, and focused on 6 main themes about urban development, including urban housing, urban public transportation, urbanization, disaster prevention & mitigation, air pollution, and open public space. Based on the above analysis, this study summarizes the challenges for realization of SDG 11. Finally, in order to achieve the SDG 11, we propose some suggestions and actions, including building a sustainable development big data information platform, strengthening the leverage of science and technology in the realization of SDG 11, actively carrying out SDG 11 comprehensive application demonstration, and strengthening scientific and technological cooperation between relevant institutions at home and abroad.
DOI10.16418/j.issn.1000-3045.20210712002
作者简介
黄春林 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院研究员。主要从事数据同化和水文遥感研究。发表研究论文100余篇,先后主持中国科学院、国家自然科学基金委员会等单位的课题10多项。
E-mail:huangcl@lzb.ac.cn
HUANG Chunlin Professor of Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). His research focuses on data assimilation and remote sensing in hydrology. He has published more than 100 refereed journal articles, and has undertaken more than 10 projects of CAS, National Natural Science Foundation of China, and so on.
E-mail:huangcl@lzb.ac.cn
孙中昶 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院副研究员,中国科学院数字地球重点实验室副主任。主要从事城市遥感与可持续发展研究。发表研究论文60余篇,先后主持中国科学院、国家自然科学基金委员等单位的课题10多项。
E-mail:sunzc@aircas.ac.cn
SUN Zhongchang Associate Professor of Aerospace Information Research Institute (AIR), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Deputy Director of the CAS Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science. His research focuses on urban remote sensing and urban sustainability. He has published more than 60 refereed journal articles, and has undertaken more than 10 projects of CAS, National Natural Science Foundation of China, and so on.
E-mail:sunzc@aircas.ac.cn
E-mail:huangcl@lzb.ac.cn
HUANG Chunlin Professor of Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). His research focuses on data assimilation and remote sensing in hydrology. He has published more than 100 refereed journal articles, and has undertaken more than 10 projects of CAS, National Natural Science Foundation of China, and so on.
E-mail:huangcl@lzb.ac.cn
孙中昶 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院副研究员,中国科学院数字地球重点实验室副主任。主要从事城市遥感与可持续发展研究。发表研究论文60余篇,先后主持中国科学院、国家自然科学基金委员等单位的课题10多项。
E-mail:sunzc@aircas.ac.cn
SUN Zhongchang Associate Professor of Aerospace Information Research Institute (AIR), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Deputy Director of the CAS Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science. His research focuses on urban remote sensing and urban sustainability. He has published more than 60 refereed journal articles, and has undertaken more than 10 projects of CAS, National Natural Science Foundation of China, and so on.
E-mail:sunzc@aircas.ac.cn
