地球大数据促进土地退化零增长目标实现：实践与展望
Harnessing Big Earth Data to Facilitate Land Degradation Neutrality Goals—Practices and Prospects
Harnessing Big Earth Data to Facilitate Land Degradation Neutrality Goals—Practices and Prospects
作者
李晓松1,2*(可持续发展大数据国际研究中心 北京 100094;中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 北京 100094)
卢琦3,4(中国林业科学研究院 荒漠化研究所 北京 100091;中国林业科学研究院 沙漠林业实验中心 巴彦淖尔 015200)
贾晓霞5(联合国防治荒漠化公约秘书处(德国) 波恩 57173)
卢琦3,4(中国林业科学研究院 荒漠化研究所 北京 100091;中国林业科学研究院 沙漠林业实验中心 巴彦淖尔 015200)
贾晓霞5(联合国防治荒漠化公约秘书处(德国) 波恩 57173)
中文关键词
土地退化零增长;地球大数据;参考基准;进展监测
英文关键词
land degradation neutrality (LDN);Big Earth Data;reference baseline;progress monitoring
中文摘要
联合国2015年通过的《变革我们的世界：2030年可持续发展议程》中，土地退化零增长是可持续发展目标（SDGs）的重要具体目标（SDG 15.3）。由于不同地理、气候和土地利用类型条件下土地退化具有不同的表征，土地退化和恢复过程涉及的自然和人为因素的复杂性，时间和空间尺度的限定性，长期以来缺乏被普遍接受的土地退化评估指标和方法。SDG 15.3的参考基准、进展监测等关键数据，仍处于严重缺乏状态，影响了SDG 15.3的实现进程。地球大数据作为数据密集型科学范式的典型代表，为解决SDG 15.3的数据空缺提供了可能。文章围绕SDG 15.3基准确定和进展监测2个方向，介绍了实现SDG 15.3面临的主要挑战、地球大数据的潜力及已经开展的实践，并展望了地球大数据促进SDG 15.3实现的发展趋势。
英文摘要
In 2015, the United Nations adopted the Transforming Our World:The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, in which land degradation neutrality (LDN) is one of the important targets of the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG 15.3). However, due to varies indicative symptoms of land degradation in different climatic/geographical zones and land use types, the complexity of factors affecting land degradation or improvement, and the limits of spatial and temporal scope to define land degradation, for a long time, there was lack of common accepted methodology to identify land degradation, and short of key data set to establish reference baselines, and measure progress of SDG 15.3, which hinders the realization of SDG 15.3 by 2030. As a typical representative of a data-intensive scientific paradigm, Big Earth Data provides the possibility to solve this data gap. Focusing on two important aspects of SDG 15.3 reporting, namely baseline determination and progress monitoring, this article introduces the key challenges we faced, the potential of Big Earth Data and the practices we have taken. Finally, the prospects for harnessing Big Earth Data to facilitate SDG 15.3 in the future are outlined.
DOI10.16418/j.issn.1000-3045.20210705002
作者简介
李晓松 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院研究员。国际对地观测组织土地退化零增长倡议工作组成员、联合国环境规划署可持续发展目标进展评估专家组成员、中国土地退化零增长自愿目标设定工作组成员。主要从事土地退化遥感监测评估研究,在稀疏植被参数提取、土地退化评估等方面取得了一系列成果,发表文章 70 余篇。
E-mail:lixs@aircas.ac.cn
LI Xiaosong Professor of Aerospace Information Research Institute (AIR), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Member of GEO-LDN Initiative, Expert Committee of UNEP SDGs Progress Measuring, Committee of LDN-TSP in China. He specializes in remote sensing science and its applications on land degradation, and has a series of achievements in sparse vegetation information retrevial, and land degradation assessment. He has published more than 70 papers.
E-mail:lixs@aircas.ac.cn
E-mail:lixs@aircas.ac.cn
LI Xiaosong Professor of Aerospace Information Research Institute (AIR), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Member of GEO-LDN Initiative, Expert Committee of UNEP SDGs Progress Measuring, Committee of LDN-TSP in China. He specializes in remote sensing science and its applications on land degradation, and has a series of achievements in sparse vegetation information retrevial, and land degradation assessment. He has published more than 70 papers.
E-mail:lixs@aircas.ac.cn
