中国北方沙区水量平衡自动模拟监测系统（沙坡头蒸渗仪群）
Automatic Simulating and Monitoring System for Water Balance of Sandy Areas of Northern China: Shapotou Lysimeter Group
Automatic Simulating and Monitoring System for Water Balance of Sandy Areas of Northern China: Shapotou Lysimeter Group
作者
张志山1,2(中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 兰州 730000;中国科学院沙坡头沙漠研究试验站 中卫 755000)
赵洋1,2(中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 兰州 730000;中国科学院沙坡头沙漠研究试验站 中卫 755000)
张亚峰1,2(中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 兰州 730000;中国科学院沙坡头沙漠研究试验站 中卫 755000)
杨昊天1,2(中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 兰州 730000;中国科学院沙坡头沙漠研究试验站 中卫 755000)
虎瑞1,2(中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 兰州 730000;中国科学院沙坡头沙漠研究试验站 中卫 755000)
霍建强1,2,3(中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 兰州 730000;中国科学院沙坡头沙漠研究试验站 中卫 755000;中国科学院大学 北京 100049)
李新荣1,2*(中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 兰州 730000;1 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 兰州 730000)
赵洋1,2(中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 兰州 730000;中国科学院沙坡头沙漠研究试验站 中卫 755000)
张亚峰1,2(中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 兰州 730000;中国科学院沙坡头沙漠研究试验站 中卫 755000)
杨昊天1,2(中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 兰州 730000;中国科学院沙坡头沙漠研究试验站 中卫 755000)
虎瑞1,2(中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 兰州 730000;中国科学院沙坡头沙漠研究试验站 中卫 755000)
霍建强1,2,3(中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 兰州 730000;中国科学院沙坡头沙漠研究试验站 中卫 755000;中国科学院大学 北京 100049)
李新荣1,2*(中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 兰州 730000;1 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 兰州 730000)
中文关键词
北方沙区;水量平衡;沙坡头蒸渗仪群;固沙植物;自动模拟监测;生态-水文过程;生态恢复
英文关键词
sandy areas of northern China;water balance;Shapotou Lysimeter group;sand fixation shrubs;automatic simulating and monitoring;ecohydrological processes;ecological restoration
中文摘要
水量平衡始终是我国北方沙区植被建设所面临的核心科学问题，决定着植被-土壤系统的可持续性和稳定性。蒸发渗漏仪（以下简称“蒸渗仪”）是研究水量平衡的最可靠手段，但其目前存在研究站点单一、系统不匹配、精度不一致等问题，从而制约了沙区生态水文学研究的理论创新。在中国科学院野外站网络重点科技基础设施建设项目的支持下，中国科学院沙坡头沙漠研究试验站于2019年建成了目前规模最大的中国北方沙区水量平衡自动模拟监测系统——沙坡头蒸渗仪群。该平台以36台大型称重式蒸渗仪为主体，集成了降水和地下水模拟、根系动态测量和土壤溶液提取等系统，配置了不同生物气候带沙区的土壤和典型固沙灌木，开发了数据管理信息系统。该平台可模拟降水和地下水，连续精确监测土壤水动态、蒸散发、植物生长等过程，实现不同生物气候带沙区水量平衡的自动监测-模拟-量化-集成研究，是科学认知、客观解析沙区植被-土壤系统生态水文互馈机制，探索植物固沙模式及沙区生态恢复与重建理论的重要研究平台。该平台显著提升了我国野外站的科学研究能力和解决国家重大科技需求的能力。
英文摘要
Water balance has always been the key scientific issue facing in vegetation construction in sandy areas of northern China. Lysimeter is regarded as the most reliable tool in studying water balance. The existing problems such as the limited lysimeter sites, the system mismatch and accuracy inconsistency among lysimeters restrict the theoretical innovation of arid ecohydrology. Grouping large intelligent weighable lysimeters is an effective way to break through the aforementioned bottleneck, and conforms to the current interdisciplinary research trend. Funded by the "Key Scientific and Technological Infrastructure Construction Project for the Field Station Network of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)", Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station of CAS completed the platform construction of Automatic Simulating and Monitoring System for Water Balance of Sandy Areas of Northern China-Shapotou Lysimeter Group in 2019. Based on 36 large weighable lysimeters, this platform also assembles other systems such as precipitation and groundwater simulation system, root dynamics monitoring system, soil solution extraction system, and data management information system. Within lysimeters, soils transported from different bioclimatic sandy areas were repacked and the corresponding typical sand fixation shrubs were transplanted. Functions and features of this platform include simulating precipitation and groundwater, and continuously monitoring processes such as soil water dynamics, evapotranspiration, and plant growth with a high accuracy. Shapotou Lysimeter group is an important platform for understanding the ecohydrological interaction mechanisms within revegetation-soil system and for exploring models of plant sand fixation and theories of ecological restoration and rehabilitation of sandy areas. It will greatly enhance the ability for field stations to conduct scientific researches and to solve national key scientific and technical issues.
DOI10.16418/j.issn.1000-3045.20210609001
作者简介
张志山 中国科学院沙坡头沙漠研究试验站副站长、研究员。主要从事干旱区生态学和生态水文学的研究。国家有突出贡献中青年专家。主持国家重点研发计划课题、国家自然科学基金、中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)课题10项。在Plant and Soil、Journal of Geophysical Research:Biogeoscience和《中国沙漠》等刊物上发表论文50多篇,合作出版专著2本,授权国家专利4项。获得国家科技进步奖二等奖1项、省部级一等奖2项,享受国务院政府特殊津贴。
E-mail:zszhang@lzb.ac.cn
ZHANG Zhishan Deputy Director,Researcher and Ph.D.Supervisor of Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS).He is one of the Young and Middle-aged Experts with Outstanding Contributions.He has long been working in the field of dryland ecology and ecohydrology,and has undertaken 10 scientific research projects,sponsorship including National Key Research and Development Program of China,National Natural Science Foundation of China,and the Strategic Priority Research Program of CAS.He has published more than 50 peer-reviewed academic papers in journals such as Plant and Soil,Journal of Geophysical Research:Biogeoscience,and Journal of Desert Research.He also co-authored 2 monographs and has been authorized 4 patents.He has won a second prize of National Science and Technology Advancement Award,and two first prizes at provincial and ministerial level.
E-mail:zszhang@lzb.ac.cn
李新荣 中国科学院沙坡头沙漠研究试验站站长、研究员。主要从事干旱区恢复生态学和沙地生态水文学研究。国家杰出青年科学基金获得者,国家自然科学基金委员会创新研究群体科学基金项目负责人,科学技术部重点研究领域创新团队负责人,国家重点基础研究发展计划项目("973计划")首席科学家。发表论文300余篇,出版专著4部。获得国家科技进步奖二等奖2项、省部级一等奖4项,获第七届全国优秀科技工作者奖。
E-mail:lxinrong@lzb.ac.cn
LI Xinrong Researcher,Director of Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS).He has been working in the field of dryland restoration ecology and sandy land ecohydrology.He is the winner of the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars,principal investigator (PI) of the Science Fund for Creative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China,and Chief Scientist of the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program),and enjoys the State Council's Special Allowance.He has published more than 300 international peer-reviewed academic papers and 4 monographs.He has been awarded two second-class prizes of National Science and Technology Advancement Award,four first-class prizes for ministerial and provincial-level Science and Technology Award.He also won the Seventh National Outstanding Scientific and Technological Workers Award.
E-mail:lxinrong@lzb.ac.cn
E-mail:zszhang@lzb.ac.cn
ZHANG Zhishan Deputy Director,Researcher and Ph.D.Supervisor of Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS).He is one of the Young and Middle-aged Experts with Outstanding Contributions.He has long been working in the field of dryland ecology and ecohydrology,and has undertaken 10 scientific research projects,sponsorship including National Key Research and Development Program of China,National Natural Science Foundation of China,and the Strategic Priority Research Program of CAS.He has published more than 50 peer-reviewed academic papers in journals such as Plant and Soil,Journal of Geophysical Research:Biogeoscience,and Journal of Desert Research.He also co-authored 2 monographs and has been authorized 4 patents.He has won a second prize of National Science and Technology Advancement Award,and two first prizes at provincial and ministerial level.
E-mail:zszhang@lzb.ac.cn
李新荣 中国科学院沙坡头沙漠研究试验站站长、研究员。主要从事干旱区恢复生态学和沙地生态水文学研究。国家杰出青年科学基金获得者,国家自然科学基金委员会创新研究群体科学基金项目负责人,科学技术部重点研究领域创新团队负责人,国家重点基础研究发展计划项目("973计划")首席科学家。发表论文300余篇,出版专著4部。获得国家科技进步奖二等奖2项、省部级一等奖4项,获第七届全国优秀科技工作者奖。
E-mail:lxinrong@lzb.ac.cn
LI Xinrong Researcher,Director of Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS).He has been working in the field of dryland restoration ecology and sandy land ecohydrology.He is the winner of the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars,principal investigator (PI) of the Science Fund for Creative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China,and Chief Scientist of the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program),and enjoys the State Council's Special Allowance.He has published more than 300 international peer-reviewed academic papers and 4 monographs.He has been awarded two second-class prizes of National Science and Technology Advancement Award,four first-class prizes for ministerial and provincial-level Science and Technology Award.He also won the Seventh National Outstanding Scientific and Technological Workers Award.
E-mail:lxinrong@lzb.ac.cn
