我国科技成果权属改革的历史逻辑?从所有制、科技成果所有权到知识产权

Ownership Rights of Research & Development Outputs in Historical Perspective: From Public Ownership, Ownership Right of Scientific and Technological Achievements to Intellectual Property Rights
作者
        肖尤丹(中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院 北京 100190;中国科学院大学 公共政策与管理学院 北京 100049)
        刘鑫(中国科学院 发展规划局 北京 100864)
中文关键词
         科技成果;公有制;所有权;知识产权;国家所有
英文关键词
        research & development outputs;public ownership;property rights;intellectual property rights;state ownership
中文摘要
        赋予科研人员科技成果所有权或长期使用权,是当前中央推动市场机制在配置创新资源中充分发挥决定性作用的关键性改革探索。由于我国经济体制的公有制性质,如何有效处理国家、集体与个人的关系必然成为我国科技成果权属制度改革的核心问题。文章通过回溯新中国成立后我国科技成果权属的制度变迁与改革历程,从改革逻辑中厘清科技成果公有制、科技成果所有权与知识产权对于科技成果权属改革制度的意义,尝试探寻科技成果权属制度的改革经验和制度规律,凝聚推动当前新一轮科技成果权属改革的观念共识。
英文摘要
        Empowering Scientists to retain ownership or long-term access rights of government-funded research & development outputs (R&D outputs), is a key exploration and reform for China's central government to promote the market mechanism's decisive role in allocating innovation resources. As a result of the public ownership-based economic and social system, how to properly coordinate the relationship between the state, the collectives and the individuals will inevitably become the core issue in China's reform on the ownership rights of R&D outputs. By reviewing the institutional changes and reform process on the ownership policy of government-funded R&D outputs in China, this paper clarifies the institutional implications of public ownership, institutional ownership and intellectual property rights of R&D outputs, tries to explore the reform experience and institutional rules of the ownership policy of government-funded R&D outputs, and calls for a conceptual consensus to promote the future ownership policy reform on governmentfunded R&D outputs.
DOI10.16418/j.issn.1000-3045.20201212001
作者简介
肖尤丹 中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院研究员,中国科学院大学公共政策与管理学院教授。中国人民大学法学博士。主要研究方向为科技立法与知识产权。近 5 年来,出版 《开放式创新与知识产权制度研究》《历史视野中的著作权模式确立》《科研机构知识产权管理制度创新研究》《中国科技成果转化制度体系:法律、政策及其实践》等 7 部专著。参与《促进科技成果转化法》《专利法》《科学技术进步法》《国防专利条例》 《北京市促进科技成果转化条例》及《中国科学院章程》等立法修法工作。
E-mail:xiaoyd@casisd.cn
XIAO Youdan Professor at Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CASISD), and the Chief Professor of Jurisprudence, School of Public Policy and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences. Professor Xiao received his LL.D. from Renmin University of China. His research focus is on the interdisciplinary issues of science & technology law and intellectual property rights. In the past five years, he has published 7 monographs on science & technology law, including Open Innovation and Intellectual Property Law, Establishment of Copyright in Historical Perspective, Intellectual Property Management in Public Research Organization, China Technology Transfer and Commercialization System:Laws, Regulations and Practices. He has participated in the establishment and amendment of laws such as Law of the PRC on Promoting the Transformation of Scientific & Technological Achievements, Patent Law, Law of the PRC on Progress of Science and Technology, Regulation on National Defense Patent, Beijing's Regulation on Promoting the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements, and Constitution of Chinese Academy of Sciences.
E-mail:xiaoyd@casisd.cn
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