大型海藻规模栽培是增加海洋碳汇和解决近海环境问题的有效途径

Large-scale Cultivation of Seaweed is Effective Approach to Increase Marine Carbon Sequestration and Solve Coastal Environmental Problems
作者
        杨宇峰(暨南大学 生命科学技术学院/广州区域低碳经济重点研究基地 广州 510632;南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海) 珠海 519000)
        罗洪添(暨南大学 生命科学技术学院/广州区域低碳经济重点研究基地 广州 510632;南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海) 珠海 519000)
        王庆(暨南大学 生命科学技术学院/广州区域低碳经济重点研究基地 广州 510632;南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海) 珠海 519000)
        贺志理(南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海) 珠海 519000;中山大学 环境科学与工程学院 广州 510006)
        龙爱民(中国科学院南海海洋研究所 广州 510301)
中文关键词
         大型海藻;碳汇;低碳经济;可持续发展;环境修复
英文关键词
        seaweed;carbon sink;low-carbon economy;sustainable development;environmental bioremediation
中文摘要
        当前,世界各国均关注于减缓气候变暖、降低大气二氧化碳(CO2)排放为核心目标的低碳和碳中和理念。海洋是地球最大的碳库,在降低大气CO2浓度方面具有重要作用。地球上超过一半的生物碳由海洋生物完成。大型海藻栽培具有成本低、产量高、碳汇可计量、栽培可控性强等优势;在近海可形成产业化的蓝碳,是海洋碳汇值得推崇的可持续发展模式。此外,规模栽培大型海藻可解决栽培海区海洋酸化、低氧、富营养化、有害藻华等海洋环境问题。文章从大型海藻栽培、环境修复作用及综合效益评估等方面综述了大型海藻碳汇功能及其解决近海环境问题的潜力。大型海藻规模栽培是发展低碳经济、增加海洋碳汇、实现碳中和,以及解决近海环境问题的有效途径。
英文摘要
        All countries in the world are paying attention to low-carbon and carbon neutrality to achieve the mitigation of climate warming by reducing CO2 emissions. Ocean is the largest carbon pool on the earth and play an important role of carbon neutrality. More than half of the biological carbon on the earth is achieved by marine organisms. Among them, seaweed resources are abundant, with advantages such as low cost, high yield, measurable carbon sink, and strong cultivation controllability. Industrialized blue carbon can be formed offshore, which is a sustainable model for future development in coastal ecosystems. In addition, large-scale cultivation of seaweed can provide potential solutions to the global marine environmental problems such as ocean acidification, hypoxia, eutrophication, and harmful algal blooms. This review focuses on the function of seaweed carbon sinks, and seaweeds' potential to solve coastal environmental problems in terms of cultivation, environmental bioremediation effects, and comprehensive benefit assessment. In conclusion, large-scale seaweed cultivation is an effective approach for developing low-carbon economy, increasing marine carbon sink capability, solving marine environmental problems, and finally achieving carbon neutrality.
DOI10.16418/j.issn.1000-3045.20210217103
作者简介
杨宇峰 暨南大学生命科学技术学院教授、博士生导师。主要从事海洋环境和水生生物研究和教学工作。近年来,主持科学技术部、国家自然科学基金重点项目和面上基金10多项。在大型海藻生物修复与浮游生物生态学方面取得了较系统的研究成果,获国家和省部级科研奖励4次。发表论文180篇,出版专著2部。
E-mail:tyyf@jnu.edu.cn
YANG Yufeng Professor and Ph.D.Supervisor at the College of Life Science and Technology,Jinan University.Dr.Yang's research interests are marine environment and hydrobiology.In recent years,he has led over 10 projects from Ministry of Science and Technology,and Natural Science Foundation of China.He has obtained a series of important achievements in areas of seaweed bioremediation and plankton ecology,and has won 4 times of Science and Technology Advancement Award at national,provincial and ministries levels.Up to now,he has published 180 papers and 2 books.
E-mail:tyyf@jnu.edu.cn
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