合成生物学的“负责任创新”(已在2020年第6期出版)

“Responsible Innovation” of Synthetic Biology
作者
        马诗雯 王国豫
中文关键词
         合成生物学,负责任创新,责任,风险
英文关键词
        synthetic biology, responsible innovation, responsibility, risk
中文摘要
        合成生物学是生物学与工程学、化学、计算机科学等学科交叉融合的一门新兴学科,在能源、生物医药、农业和化学等领域有着巨大的发展潜力和良好的应用前景。然而,与此同时,其研究与创新也面临着一定的风险与伦理挑战。文章追溯了“负责任(研究与)创新”的理论渊源,指出了“负责任创新”对责任伦理的积极拓展和对技术评估与技术伦理、法律与社会影响研究的升华。在分析了合成生物学“负责任创新”的必要性和紧迫性的基础上,建议从加快生物安全立法、风险与伦理评估、责任教育与监管、公众对话与参与、跨学科协同和全球治理6个方面,建立健全我国合成生物学“负责任创新”的体制机制,推进国家科技创新治理体系和治理能力的现代化。
英文摘要
        Synthetic biology is a novel discipline combining biology with engineering, chemistry, computer science, etc., which has great development potential and promising application prospect in the fields of energy, biomedicine, agriculture and chemistry, etc. However, the research and innovation of synthetic biology are faced with risks and ethical challenges. This study traces the theoretical origin of “responsible (research and) innovation”, and points out that “responsible innovation” will actively expand the responsibility ethics and sublimate technology evaluation and technology ethical, legal, and social implications/issues (ELSI) research. Based on the analysis of necessity and urgency of “responsible innovation” in synthetic biology, this study suggests to establish and improve the institution and mechanism of “responsible innovation” in synthetic biology and promote the modernization of the national regulation system and capacity of scientific innovation in China from the following six aspects, namely, speeding up the legislation of biosafety, risk and ethics assessment, responsibility education and regulation, public dialogue and participation, interdisciplinary collaboration and global governance.
作者简介
马诗雯
大连理工大学科技伦理学专业博士研究生。主要从事生命伦理学及科学技术哲学等相关研究。参与国家社科基金重大项目、国家重点基础研究项目(“973”)子课题等多个研究项目。
E-mail: crystal6330@126.com
MA Shiwen
Ph.D. student at Dalian University of Technology majoring in science-technology ethics. Her research interests are bioethics and philosophy of science and technology. She participates in the Major Program of National Social Science Fund of China, and sub-project of National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program), etc.
E-mail: crystal6330@126.com

王国豫
复旦大学哲学学院教授、博士生导师,复旦大学生命医学伦理研究中心,复旦大学应用伦理学研究中心主任。中国自然辩证法研究会科技与工程伦理专业委员会副理事长,中国生物工程学会合成生物学专委会委员。国家社会科学基金重大项目“高科技伦理问题研究”首席专家,国家重点研发计划重点专项“精准医疗的伦理政策法规框架研究”首席科学家。
E-mail: wguoyu@fudan.edu.cn
WANG Guoyu
Professor, Ph.D. Supervisor of School of Philosophy, Fudan University. Director of Center for Biomedical Ethics and also Director of Applied Ethics Center, Fudan University. Vice Chairman of Science, Technology and Engineering Ethics Committee, Chinese Society for Dialectics of Nature/Philosophy of Nature, Science and Technology (CSDN/PNST). Member of Synthetic Biology Committee, Chinese Society of Biotechnology (CSBT). Chief Expert of the Major Program of National Social Science Fund of China “Research on High-tech Ethical Issues”. Chief Scientist of National Key R&D Program of China “Research on the Ethical Policy and Regulatory Framework of Precision Medicine”.
E-mail: wguoyu@fudan.edu.cn
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