基于长期观测研究支撑亚热带红壤丘陵区森林生态系统恢复与可持续发展
Ecological Restoration and Sustainable Development of Forest Ecosystem in Subtropical Red Soil Hilly Region Based on Long-term Observation and Research
Ecological Restoration and Sustainable Development of Forest Ecosystem in Subtropical Red Soil Hilly Region Based on Long-term Observation and Research
作者
马泽清(中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 北京 100101;中国科学院千烟洲亚热带森林生态系统观测研究站 吉安 343700)
王辉民(中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 北京 100101;中国科学院千烟洲亚热带森林生态系统观测研究站 吉安 343700)
杨风亭(中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 北京 100101;中国科学院千烟洲亚热带森林生态系统观测研究站 吉安 343700)
付晓莉(中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 北京 100101;中国科学院千烟洲亚热带森林生态系统观测研究站 吉安 343700)
方华军(中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 北京 100101;中国科学院千烟洲亚热带森林生态系统观测研究站 吉安 343700)
王景升(中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 北京 100101;中国科学院千烟洲亚热带森林生态系统观测研究站 吉安 343700)
戴晓琴(中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 北京 100101;中国科学院千烟洲亚热带森林生态系统观测研究站 吉安 343700)
寇亮(中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 北京 100101;中国科学院千烟洲亚热带森林生态系统观测研究站 吉安 343700)
赵博(中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 北京 100101;中国科学院千烟洲亚热带森林生态系统观测研究站 吉安 343700)
王辉民(中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 北京 100101;中国科学院千烟洲亚热带森林生态系统观测研究站 吉安 343700)
杨风亭(中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 北京 100101;中国科学院千烟洲亚热带森林生态系统观测研究站 吉安 343700)
付晓莉(中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 北京 100101;中国科学院千烟洲亚热带森林生态系统观测研究站 吉安 343700)
方华军(中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 北京 100101;中国科学院千烟洲亚热带森林生态系统观测研究站 吉安 343700)
王景升(中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 北京 100101;中国科学院千烟洲亚热带森林生态系统观测研究站 吉安 343700)
戴晓琴(中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 北京 100101;中国科学院千烟洲亚热带森林生态系统观测研究站 吉安 343700)
寇亮(中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 北京 100101;中国科学院千烟洲亚热带森林生态系统观测研究站 吉安 343700)
赵博(中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 北京 100101;中国科学院千烟洲亚热带森林生态系统观测研究站 吉安 343700)
中文关键词
地下生态过程;水土流失;生态恢复;通量;生态水文;人工林
英文关键词
underground ecological process;soil erosion;ecological restoration;flux;ecohydrology;plantation
中文摘要
南方红壤区和亚热带森林交错，是我国生态文明建设重要的空间载体；提升生态服务功能，传承健康稳定的生态系统，是区域可持续发展面临的重大挑战。中国科学院千烟洲亚热带森林生态系统观测研究站（以下简称“千烟洲站”）地处亚热带典型红壤丘陵山区，以亚热带人工林、常绿阔叶林、次生林等生态系统为研究对象，采用长期定位观测、控制实验与模拟等方法，研究亚热带森林生态系统结构与功能。在国内率先引进碳水通量观测技术，突破了涡度相关与稳定同位素技术协同观测的技术瓶颈，从点到面阐明了我国亚热带森林对全球变化响应适应机制；揭示了流域尺度物质循环与生态水文过程耦合机制；创新人工林生态系统多目标经营理论、关键技术与示范模式；在地下生态过程研究取得突破性进展，首次提出了基于植物根系的植物进化理论。千烟洲站是以林为主、山水林田湖草生态系统恢复和可持续发展的典型代表，是我国亚热带森林生态系统功能演替序列研究的重要野外平台，已成为我国生命科学和地学交叉的代表性的综合观测研究站。
英文摘要
The subtropical forest and red soil hilly region interlace in southern China is one of the largest eco-environmental protection areas, and it plays a crucial role in ecological civilization and national sustainable development. Achieving sustainable development of the region requires extensive actions to make economic and social progress, and at the same time, to strengthen eco-environmental protection. Qianyanzhou Ecological Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences (“Qianyanzhou Station” for short), locates in typical red soil hilly region, mainly studies the subtropical forest ecosystem structure and function. The station has observed the key ecological processes and patterns across plantations, evergreen broad-leaved forests, secondary forests, and other ecosystems for a long time. The station developed the “Qianyanzhou Model,” which successively controlled the soil erosion and significantly enhanced ecological services and economic benefits, set an excellent example for this ecological restoration. The station is the earliest forest site to observe carbon and water flux in China, breaking through the technical bottleneck of collaborative observation of eddy-covariance and stable isotope technology. Further, they studied the mechanism of how subtropical forests respond to global changes from trees to region, and clarified the subtropical forest was a vital carbon sink in the northern hemisphere. The satiation revealed the coupling mechanism of material cycles and eco-hydrological processes from water-catchment to Ganjiang watershed. Qianyanzhou Station built several important demonstration models of multi-purpose forest management, and developed theory for subtropical forest ecosystem and management. Based on long-term study of root ecological process, the researchers of the station have unearthed evolutionary theory and provided the explanations for the root economic spectrum. Qianyanzhou Station is a typical station for subtropical forest, and represents a holistic restoration and sustainable development for mountains, rivers, forests, farmlands, lakes, and grasslands, providing a critical field platform for studying the subtropical forest ecosystems succession. It has also become a comprehensive station for regional observation and research, focusing on interdisciplinary studies between life sciences and geosciences.
DOI10.16418/j.issn.1000-3045.20201209001
作者简介
马泽清 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所研究员,中国科学院千烟洲亚热带森林生态系统观测研究站站长。长期从事森林生态系统生态学、植物功能生态学,生物地理学研究工作。曾主持国家自然科学基金委优秀青年科学基金项目、面上项目等,中国科学院"基础前沿科学研究计划‘从0到1’原始创新项目"1项,国家重点研发项目课题1项。目前担任Journal of Ecology、《生态学杂志》编委。研究成果在Nature、New Phytologist等杂志发表论文40余篇,相关研究成果被提名中国科学院前沿科学亮点成果。
E-mail:mazq@igsnrr.ac.cn
MA Zeqing Director of Qianyanzhou Ecological Research Station,Professor of the Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS).He has been funded by the Ecellent Young Scientists Fund,General Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China,Original Innovation Program from 0 to 1 of Basic Frontier Scientific Research Program of CAS,and National Key Research and Development Program of China.His main interests include biogeography of roots and mycorrhizal fungi,plant functional traits in relation to species coexistence and distributions,and forest ecosystem structure and function.He currently works on root eco-physiological processes across scales ranging from cells to ecosystems,to better characterize belowground ecological strategies.He has published more than 40 papers in peer-reviewed journals such as Nature and New Phytologist.He also serves as the Associate Editor of Journal of Ecology and Chinese Journal of Ecology.
E-mail:mazq@igsnrr.ac.cn
王辉民 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所研究员,中国科学院千烟洲亚热带森林生态系统观测研究站首席科学家。中国自然资源学会常务理事,中国自然资源学会森林资源专业委员会主任。"十三五"国家重点研发计划"林业资源培育及高效利用技术"指南编写专家,国家重点研发计划重点专项绩效评估专家。从事森林生态学、生态系统物质循环、亚热带人工林生态系统结构功能及退化生态系统生态恢复等方面的研究。在国内外重要刊物上发表论文150余篇,出版专著1部。Canadian Journal of Forest Research副主编,《资源科学》编委。
E-mail:wanghm@igsnrr.ac.cn
WANG Huimin Chief Scientist of Qianyanzhou Ecological Research Station,Professor of the Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS).He currently works in the field of forest ecology,nutrients cycling of ecosystems,and forest ecosystem management.He has published more than 150 peer-reviewed academic papers.He serves as an executive council member of the Society of Natural Resources of China,as a director in the Forest Resources Committee of Society of Natural Resources of China,as a commit member of forest managements organized by Ministry of Science and Technology of China.He also serves as the associate editor of Canadian Journal of Forest Research and is an editorial member of Resources Science.
E-mail:wanghm@igsnrr.ac.cn
E-mail:mazq@igsnrr.ac.cn
MA Zeqing Director of Qianyanzhou Ecological Research Station,Professor of the Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS).He has been funded by the Ecellent Young Scientists Fund,General Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China,Original Innovation Program from 0 to 1 of Basic Frontier Scientific Research Program of CAS,and National Key Research and Development Program of China.His main interests include biogeography of roots and mycorrhizal fungi,plant functional traits in relation to species coexistence and distributions,and forest ecosystem structure and function.He currently works on root eco-physiological processes across scales ranging from cells to ecosystems,to better characterize belowground ecological strategies.He has published more than 40 papers in peer-reviewed journals such as Nature and New Phytologist.He also serves as the Associate Editor of Journal of Ecology and Chinese Journal of Ecology.
E-mail:mazq@igsnrr.ac.cn
王辉民 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所研究员,中国科学院千烟洲亚热带森林生态系统观测研究站首席科学家。中国自然资源学会常务理事,中国自然资源学会森林资源专业委员会主任。"十三五"国家重点研发计划"林业资源培育及高效利用技术"指南编写专家,国家重点研发计划重点专项绩效评估专家。从事森林生态学、生态系统物质循环、亚热带人工林生态系统结构功能及退化生态系统生态恢复等方面的研究。在国内外重要刊物上发表论文150余篇,出版专著1部。Canadian Journal of Forest Research副主编,《资源科学》编委。
E-mail:wanghm@igsnrr.ac.cn
WANG Huimin Chief Scientist of Qianyanzhou Ecological Research Station,Professor of the Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS).He currently works in the field of forest ecology,nutrients cycling of ecosystems,and forest ecosystem management.He has published more than 150 peer-reviewed academic papers.He serves as an executive council member of the Society of Natural Resources of China,as a director in the Forest Resources Committee of Society of Natural Resources of China,as a commit member of forest managements organized by Ministry of Science and Technology of China.He also serves as the associate editor of Canadian Journal of Forest Research and is an editorial member of Resources Science.
E-mail:wanghm@igsnrr.ac.cn
