加强高风险化学品全生命周期风险管控，促进环境友好型替代品研发

Strengthen Risk Management and Control of High-risk Chemicals, Promote Development of Environmentally Friendly Alternatives

        王亚韡(中国科学院生态环境研究中心 北京 100085)
        梁勇(江汉大学 环境与健康研究院 武汉 430056)
        麻东慧(中国科学院生态环境研究中心 北京 100085;中国科学院大学 资源与环境学院 北京 100049)
        曹慧明(江汉大学 环境与健康研究院 武汉 430056)
        赵利霞(中国科学院生态环境研究中心 北京 100085)
        蔡亚岐(中国科学院生态环境研究中心 北京 100085)
        江桂斌(中国科学院生态环境研究中心 北京 100085)

         风险评估;替代品;绿色化学;全生命周期

        risk assessment;alternatives;green chemistry;life cycle

        化学品特别是高风险化学品污染所造成的环境与健康问题已经成为影响我国公众健康的危险因素，以及人民对美好生活追求的重要阻碍。如何在确保化学品为人类社会带来福祉的同时，最大限度地降低其对环境与人群健康的危害，是化学领域特别是环境化学领域亟待解决的问题。文章系统总结了全氟化合物等化学品的风险识别、风险防范、替代品研发及评估等最新研究进展；探讨了如何通过绿色化学手段，结合高风险化学品全生命周期的风险管控，实现从根源上降低环境风险；并论述了高风险化学品全生命周期的研究进展、发展方向和实施策略。

        Environmental and health problems caused by chemical pollution, especially high-risk chemical pollution, have become an important factor affecting the public health. How to ensure that chemicals bring well-being to human society, while ensuring that they minimize their harm to the environment and human health, is a problem that needs to be solved urgently in the field of chemistry, especially environmental chemistry. This article summarizes the latest research progress in the risk identification, risk prevention, alternative research and development and evaluation of perfluorinated compounds and other substances, and systematically explores how to use green chemistry, combined with the risk management and control, to decrease the risk of the high-risk chemicals during their entire life cycle. The article also discusses the research progress, development direction, and future development of high-risk chemicals throughout the life cycle.