人工智能在21世纪水与环境领域应用的问题及对策
Perspective and Prospects on Applying Artificial Intelligence to Address Water and Environmental Challenges of 21st Century
Perspective and Prospects on Applying Artificial Intelligence to Address Water and Environmental Challenges of 21st Century
作者
王旭(中国科学院生态环境研究中心 环境水质学国家重点实验室 北京 100085;中国科学院生态环境研究中心(义乌)长三角中心 义乌 322000)
王钊越(中国科学院生态环境研究中心 环境水质学国家重点实验室 北京 100085)
潘艺蓉(中国科学院生态环境研究中心 环境水质学国家重点实验室 北京 100085;中国科学院大学 资源与环境学院 北京 100049)
罗雨莉(中国科学院生态环境研究中心 环境水质学国家重点实验室 北京 100085;中国科学院大学 资源与环境学院 北京 100049)
刘俊新(中国科学院生态环境研究中心 环境水质学国家重点实验室 北京 100085)
杨敏(中国科学院生态环境研究中心 饮用水科学与技术重点实验室 北京 100085)
王钊越(中国科学院生态环境研究中心 环境水质学国家重点实验室 北京 100085)
潘艺蓉(中国科学院生态环境研究中心 环境水质学国家重点实验室 北京 100085;中国科学院大学 资源与环境学院 北京 100049)
罗雨莉(中国科学院生态环境研究中心 环境水质学国家重点实验室 北京 100085;中国科学院大学 资源与环境学院 北京 100049)
刘俊新(中国科学院生态环境研究中心 环境水质学国家重点实验室 北京 100085)
杨敏(中国科学院生态环境研究中心 饮用水科学与技术重点实验室 北京 100085)
中文关键词
可持续发展目标;水安全;水环境;水系统;可持续管理;人工智能
英文关键词
sustainable development goals (SDGs);water security;water environment;water system;sustainable management;artificial intelligence (AI)
中文摘要
水，是维系人类经济社会与自然生态系统可持续发展的重要资源。近半个世纪以来，因人口增长、人类活动加剧与气候变化等系列因素驱动，水安全已成为全球重要议题。其中，为所有人提供水和环境卫生并对其进行可持续管理，已被列为联合国面向2030年的全球可持续发展目标之一；但是，如何构建行之有效的实施路径和解决方案依旧面临诸多挑战。人工智能技术的飞速发展，为实现这一宏伟目标提供了新的思路与方法。文章结合联合国全球可持续发展总体目标6“清洁饮水和卫生设施”的核心内涵与进程难点，分析和总结人工智能在水与环境领域的应用现状及效应，探讨利用人工智能落实水与环境可持续发展过程中待解决的核心关键问题，并对水与环境领域和人工智能领域的融合创新和协同发展方向进行展望。
英文摘要
One of the most pervasive challenges affecting human and planetary well-being is inadequate access to clean water and sanitation. Problems with water are expected to become worse in the coming decades, with water scarcity occurring globally, in the face of ever-growing populations, intensive human activities, and climatic variation. Addressing the aforementioned water security has been achieved consensus and has been included into the sustainable development goals (SDGs) set by the United Nations' Agenda 2030. Despite these ample opportunities, it remains challenging to create reliable, sustainable, and affordable solutions to providing universal access to clean water and sanitation. In this context, the emerging artificial intelligence (AI) technology can be an attractive solution to help with this challenge. We summarized the core of the SDGs-Goal 6 (Clean Water and Sanitation) and the problems encountered during the progress to date. Building upon which, we conducted a literature review and provided a state-of-the-art analysis of leveraging AI to help achieving SDGs-Goal 6 alongside the resultant impacts. Afterwards, we highlighted the key issues necessary to be tackled in the coming years if AI is expected to be well applied with its maximum benefits. Plus, we put forward the prospects of future efforts on this revolution.
DOI10.16418/j.issn.1000-3045.20200530001
作者简介
王旭 中国科学院生态环境研究中心副研究员。国家自然科学基金委员会优秀青年科学基金获得者,北京市科技新星,中国科学院青年创新促进会会员。兼任科学20国集团(S20)重要议题委员会委员、国际水协会"未来城市计划"专家指导委员会常委等。近年来运用大数据和机器学习方法探索水系统与全球变化的前沿科学问题,在PNAS、Nature Communications、Science Advances等期刊发表多篇高水平研究论文,获MIT Technology Review中国科技创新青年奖、国际水协会首创水星奖(科学创新金奖)。
E-mail:xuwang@rcees.ac.cn
WANG Xu Associate Professor of the Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS),Beijing,China.Dr.Wang is an elected Excellent Young Scientist of the National Natural Science of Foundation of China.He has also been awarded several other fellowships/memberships,including Beijing Young Talents,Beijing Nova,and Youth Innovation Promotion Association,CAS.In recent years,his research interests relate to broad water systems and in areas associated with data-driven,interdisciplinary explorations,and his research has appeared on prestigious scientific venues like PNAS,Nature Communications,and Science Advances.In addition,he has received several awards for his research excellence such as the prestigious MIT Technology Review Innovators under 35 China.Dr.Wang is currently a Task Force Member of Science 20,and getting involved with Steering Committee of the International Water Association Cities of the Future Program and other international and national professional activities.
E-mail:xuwang@rcees.ac.cn
杨敏 中国科学院生态环境研究中心副主任、研究员。国家自然科学基金委员会杰出青年科学基金获得者。主要从事水中有害物质的识别、转化机制与控制技术研究,在工业废水处理、抗生素及抗药基因环境传播阻断、饮用水水质风险评价与控制等方面取得系列研究成果。
E-mail:yangmin@rcees.ac.cn
YANG Min Professor and Deputy Director of Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS).Dr.Yang is an elected Distinguished Young Scholar of the National Natural Science Foundation of China.His research interests cover identification,transformation,and safe control of toxic substances alongside water and wastewater management services.Specifically,Dr.Yang's research efforts are devoted to dealing with grand challenges in industrial wastewater treatment,antibiotics and resistant genes reduction in natural environments,drinking water quality risk assessment and management,among many others.
E-mail:yangmin@rcees.ac.cn
E-mail:xuwang@rcees.ac.cn
WANG Xu Associate Professor of the Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS),Beijing,China.Dr.Wang is an elected Excellent Young Scientist of the National Natural Science of Foundation of China.He has also been awarded several other fellowships/memberships,including Beijing Young Talents,Beijing Nova,and Youth Innovation Promotion Association,CAS.In recent years,his research interests relate to broad water systems and in areas associated with data-driven,interdisciplinary explorations,and his research has appeared on prestigious scientific venues like PNAS,Nature Communications,and Science Advances.In addition,he has received several awards for his research excellence such as the prestigious MIT Technology Review Innovators under 35 China.Dr.Wang is currently a Task Force Member of Science 20,and getting involved with Steering Committee of the International Water Association Cities of the Future Program and other international and national professional activities.
E-mail:xuwang@rcees.ac.cn
杨敏 中国科学院生态环境研究中心副主任、研究员。国家自然科学基金委员会杰出青年科学基金获得者。主要从事水中有害物质的识别、转化机制与控制技术研究,在工业废水处理、抗生素及抗药基因环境传播阻断、饮用水水质风险评价与控制等方面取得系列研究成果。
E-mail:yangmin@rcees.ac.cn
YANG Min Professor and Deputy Director of Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS).Dr.Yang is an elected Distinguished Young Scholar of the National Natural Science Foundation of China.His research interests cover identification,transformation,and safe control of toxic substances alongside water and wastewater management services.Specifically,Dr.Yang's research efforts are devoted to dealing with grand challenges in industrial wastewater treatment,antibiotics and resistant genes reduction in natural environments,drinking water quality risk assessment and management,among many others.
E-mail:yangmin@rcees.ac.cn
