政府最高决策层科技咨询制度的构建——英国政府首席科学顾问制度的经验与启示

Constructing Science Adviser System at the Highest Level of Government Decision-making—Experience from UK Chief Scientific Adviser System

        李思敏(中国科协创新战略研究院 北京 100038)
        樊春良(中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院 北京 100190)

         英国;政府首席科学顾问制度;科学与国家最高决策

        UK Chief Scientific Adviser System;national science advisory system;national science advisory council;science and the highest level of decision-making

        在国家最高决策层面建立科技咨询制度，为国家科技战略与政策提供咨询，是国际上一种普遍的做法。英国的政府首席科学顾问制度是一个以政府首席科学顾问为核心、部门首席科学顾问为支撑的网络式科学咨询制度，能够为首相、内阁和政府部门决策提供及时、有效和全面的政策建议，被称为“英国模式”。该模式对我国的科技决策咨询制度建设具有重要的参考价值。文章在梳理英国政府首席科学顾问制度建立的历史基础上，研究其运行环境、职位设置和作用，提出对我国科技决策制度建设值得借鉴之处。

        It is a common practice in the world to establish a science advisory system at the highest decision-making level of a country to provide advices on national science and technology strategies and policies. The Chief Scientific Adviser System is a network with Government Chief Scientific Adviser as the core and supported by Departmental Chief Scientific Advisers. It can provide timely, effective, and comprehensive policy recommendations for the decision-making of the Prime Minister, the Cabinet, and governmental departments. It is known as the UK model. Its experience can provide valuable reference for China. This work studies the development, the operating environment, position setting and role of the Chief Scientific Adviser System in UK, and summarizes the experience and inspiration of the UK model.