我国相对贫困地区高质量发展内涵及综合施策路径
Connotation of High-quality Development in Relative Poverty Areas of China and Implementation Strategy
Connotation of High-quality Development in Relative Poverty Areas of China and Implementation Strategy
作者
周侃(中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 中国科学院区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验室 北京 100101;中国科学院大学 资源与环境学院 北京 100049)
盛科荣(山东理工大学 经济学院 淄博 255012)
樊杰(中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 中国科学院区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验室 北京 100101;中国科学院大学 资源与环境学院 北京 100049;中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院 北京 100190)
刘汉初(中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院 北京 100190)
伍健雄(中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 中国科学院区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验室 北京 100101;中国科学院大学 资源与环境学院 北京 100049)
盛科荣(山东理工大学 经济学院 淄博 255012)
樊杰(中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 中国科学院区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验室 北京 100101;中国科学院大学 资源与环境学院 北京 100049;中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院 北京 100190)
刘汉初(中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院 北京 100190)
伍健雄(中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 中国科学院区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验室 北京 100101;中国科学院大学 资源与环境学院 北京 100049)
中文关键词
相对贫困地区;可持续生计;综合效益;高质量发展;区域协调
英文关键词
relative poverty areas;sustainable livelihoods;high-quality development;comprehensive benefits;regional coordination
中文摘要
贫困是人类发展面临的重大挑战，特别是长期困扰中国在内的发展中国家的世界性难题。随着2020年实现农村绝对贫困人口脱贫和贫困县摘帽，新时代中国的反贫困重点也将发生根本性转变，即从解决绝对贫困地区的精准脱贫转变为综合施策推动相对贫困地区的高质量发展。文章从个人和区域尺度可持续性入手，初步构建了相对贫困地区高质量发展的概念模型，解析了2020年之后内部与外部约束条件，提出了确保脱贫不返贫且高质量发展的综合施策路径。提出建议：引导人口及发展要素合理流动，重塑城镇乡村互动与等值发展面貌，深入推动资源和生态优势价值化，聚焦青藏高原等深度贫困地区重点攻坚；将“十四五”作为应对相对贫困长期性的起步期，制定灵活精准的相对贫困人口和地区识别标准，注重各类反贫困政策工具与资源的整合，形成集中式、分布式、流动式相结合的高质量基础设施和公共服务保障体系。
英文摘要
Poverty is a major challenge faced by human development, especially the global problem that has plagued developing countries, including China, for a long time. As rural absolute poverty population and poverty-stricken counties will achieve poverty alleviation in 2020, China's anti-poverty focus in the new era will begin to shift from targeted poverty alleviation in absolute poverty areas to high-quality development through comprehensive measures in relative poverty areas. Based on an initially constructed conceptual model of high-quality development in relative poverty areas, this article analyzed the internal and external constraints from the sustainability of individual and regional scales, and further proposed comprehensive policies to ensure that poverty would not be returned after 2020 and high-quality development would be achieved. It is necessary to guide the rational flow of population and development factors, reshape the appearance of urban and rural interaction and equivalent development, further promote the value of resources and ecological advantages, and focus on key poverty areas such as the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Taking the "14th Five-Year Plan" period as the transition period, formulate flexible and accurate identification standards for relative poverty population and areas, focus on the integration of various poverty alleviation policy tools and resources, and form a centralized, distributed, and mobile highquality infrastructure and public service guarantee system.
DOI10.16418/j.issn.1000-3045.20200407002
作者简介
周侃 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所副研究员。长期从事资源环境承载力与区域发展研究工作,重点研究区域承载力综合评价方法及应用、欠发达地区资源环境约束与可持续性、国土空间规划与管控。先后主持中国科学院战略性先导科技专项子课题1项、国家自然科学基金项目2项、省部级科研项目3项,参与资源环境承载力评价与预警、国土空间规划、区域规划等中央和部委委托项目10余项,发表论文60余篇。
E-mail:zhoukan@igsnrr.ac.cn
ZHOU Kan Associate Professor,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS).He has been engaged in the research of resources and environmental carrying capacity and regional development for a long time,focusing on the comprehensive evaluation method and application for regional carrying capacity,resources and environmental constraints and sustainability in underdeveloped areas,and territorial space planning and governance.He has successively presided over a subproject of the Strategy Priority Research Program of CAS,two projects of National Natural Science Foundation of China,and three provincial and ministerial level research projects.He has also participated in more than 10 central and ministerial projects on resources and environmental carrying capacity evaluation and early warning,spatial governance,regional planning,etc.,and has published more than 60 papers.
E-mail:zhoukan@igsnrr.ac.cn
樊杰 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所研究员,中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院副院长,中国科学院大学资源与环境学院教授。长期从事人文与经济地理学、区域可持续发展过程与格局、主体功能区划与空间治理体系等研究。中国城市规划学会副理事长,中国地理学会国土空间规划分会主任、《经济地理》主编。兼任全国"十四五"规划专家委员会委员,全国国土空间规划专家组成员,住房建设部人居环境专委会副主任委员,法国地理学会荣誉会士。承担第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究任务、中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)、国家自然科学基金重点项目等研究任务。发表学术论文近300篇,出版专著近30部。曾获中国科学院杰出科技成就奖。
E-mail:fanj@igsnrr.ac.cn
FAN Jie Doctor,Researcher at the Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS),Deputy Director of Institutes of Science and Development,CAS,and Professor at College of Resources and Environment,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences.He has long been engaged in the research of humanity and economic geography,the process and pattern of regional sustainable development,the regionalization of main function and the spatial governance system.He is hosting or co-hosting a number of major research projects,e.g., "Function and System Optimization of Ecological Security Barrier" in the Second Comprehensive Scientific Expedition to the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, "Regional Green Development Plan" in the "PanThird-Pole Environmental Change and Green Silk Road" project of the Strategy Priority Research Program of CAS (Category A),and" Regional Function and Comprehensive Geographical Regionalization"of National Natural Science Foundation of China Key Program.He has published nearly 30 monographs and 300 papers in academic journals such as Earth Future,Chinese Science Bulletin and Acta Geographica Sinica.He was awarded the Outstanding Science and Technology Achievement Prize of CAS.He is serving as Vice Chairman of Urban Planning Society of China,Director of Territorial Space Planning Branch of the Geographical Society of China,Editor-in-Chief of Economic Geography,member of National 14th Five-Year Plan Expert Committee,member of the National Expert Group on Territorial Space Planning,Vice Chairman of the National Special Committee on Human Settlements Environment,and honorary member of the French Geographical Society.
E-mail:fanj@igsnrr.ac.cn
E-mail:zhoukan@igsnrr.ac.cn
ZHOU Kan Associate Professor,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS).He has been engaged in the research of resources and environmental carrying capacity and regional development for a long time,focusing on the comprehensive evaluation method and application for regional carrying capacity,resources and environmental constraints and sustainability in underdeveloped areas,and territorial space planning and governance.He has successively presided over a subproject of the Strategy Priority Research Program of CAS,two projects of National Natural Science Foundation of China,and three provincial and ministerial level research projects.He has also participated in more than 10 central and ministerial projects on resources and environmental carrying capacity evaluation and early warning,spatial governance,regional planning,etc.,and has published more than 60 papers.
E-mail:zhoukan@igsnrr.ac.cn
樊杰 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所研究员,中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院副院长,中国科学院大学资源与环境学院教授。长期从事人文与经济地理学、区域可持续发展过程与格局、主体功能区划与空间治理体系等研究。中国城市规划学会副理事长,中国地理学会国土空间规划分会主任、《经济地理》主编。兼任全国"十四五"规划专家委员会委员,全国国土空间规划专家组成员,住房建设部人居环境专委会副主任委员,法国地理学会荣誉会士。承担第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究任务、中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)、国家自然科学基金重点项目等研究任务。发表学术论文近300篇,出版专著近30部。曾获中国科学院杰出科技成就奖。
E-mail:fanj@igsnrr.ac.cn
FAN Jie Doctor,Researcher at the Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS),Deputy Director of Institutes of Science and Development,CAS,and Professor at College of Resources and Environment,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences.He has long been engaged in the research of humanity and economic geography,the process and pattern of regional sustainable development,the regionalization of main function and the spatial governance system.He is hosting or co-hosting a number of major research projects,e.g., "Function and System Optimization of Ecological Security Barrier" in the Second Comprehensive Scientific Expedition to the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, "Regional Green Development Plan" in the "PanThird-Pole Environmental Change and Green Silk Road" project of the Strategy Priority Research Program of CAS (Category A),and" Regional Function and Comprehensive Geographical Regionalization"of National Natural Science Foundation of China Key Program.He has published nearly 30 monographs and 300 papers in academic journals such as Earth Future,Chinese Science Bulletin and Acta Geographica Sinica.He was awarded the Outstanding Science and Technology Achievement Prize of CAS.He is serving as Vice Chairman of Urban Planning Society of China,Director of Territorial Space Planning Branch of the Geographical Society of China,Editor-in-Chief of Economic Geography,member of National 14th Five-Year Plan Expert Committee,member of the National Expert Group on Territorial Space Planning,Vice Chairman of the National Special Committee on Human Settlements Environment,and honorary member of the French Geographical Society.
E-mail:fanj@igsnrr.ac.cn
