国土空间结构演变解析与主体功能区格局优化思路
Evolution Analysis of China's Spatial Development Structure and Pattern Optimization of Major Function Zones
Evolution Analysis of China's Spatial Development Structure and Pattern Optimization of Major Function Zones
作者
王亚飞(中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验室 北京 100101;中国科学院大学 资源与环境学院 北京 100049)
郭锐(中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院 北京 100190;中国科学院大学 资源与环境学院 北京 100049)
樊杰(中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验室 北京 100101;中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院 北京 100190;中国科学院大学 资源与环境学院 北京 100049)
郭锐(中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院 北京 100190;中国科学院大学 资源与环境学院 北京 100049)
樊杰(中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验室 北京 100101;中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院 北京 100190;中国科学院大学 资源与环境学院 北京 100049)
中文关键词
主体功能区;空间结构;地域功能;演变过程;高质量发展;格局优化
英文关键词
major function zone;spatial structure;territorial function;evolution process;high-quality development;pattern optimization
中文摘要
主体功能区是中国经济发展和生态环境保护的大战略，解析其空间结构演变过程和趋势是国土空间开发与主体功能区格局优化的重要依据。文章通过探索主体功能区空间结构演变的科学与政策内涵，以城市化地区、农业发展地区和生态安全地区三者人口或经济的比例关系为基本参数，测度颁布《全国主体功能区规划》（2010年）前后5年的主体功能区核心-边缘结构、点-轴结构的演变特征，揭示核心区域、边缘区域、距离轴线的国土空间结构演变过程；结合新时期生态文明建设及区域协调发展战略新要求，从区域差距、资源环境效应、对外联系等方面分析国土空间结构演变存在的问题。研究发现：人口、经济进一步向城市化地区、城市群区域、主要开发轴线集聚，人口集聚过程快于经济集聚过程，人口与经济呈现相互均衡的趋势，且与全国自然承载力及考虑地理区位和系统整体性的地域功能适宜性的格局趋于吻合；不同功能区之间、区域板块之间、核心区域与边缘区域之间、沿轴线区域与远离轴线区域的区域差距呈现出不断缩小的态势，但区域发展不平衡问题、资源环境问题依然突出；国家“两横三纵”轴线无法适应我国新时期区域协调发展及“一带一路”对外开放的战略需求。据此提出：推动人口进一步向城市群及主要轴线核心区域集聚，实现人口与经济相均衡；进一步减少北方地区边缘区域的人口压力，从而促进人口规模与自然承载力相均衡；增加珠江-西江发展轴带，完善“三横三纵”的国土空间开发战略；向外延伸沿长江通道、陆桥通道与包昆通道等主要轴线从而适应新时期对外开放战略等政策建议。
英文摘要
The major function zoning plays a strategic role in economic development and ecological environment protection in China. Analyzing the evolutionary process and trends in spatial structure is essential for the pattern optimization of land development and major function zones. The aim of this study is to explore the scientific and policy implications of the evolution of the spatial structure of major function zones. This paper first takes several basic parameters, namely the population ratio/economic ratio of the urbanization areas, agricultural development areas, and ecological security areas; then, measures the evolution characteristics of core-periphery structure and pole-axis structure five years before and after the implementation of national major function zoning planning in 2010 to reveal the spatial structure of the core, edge, and the variation along the axis. Considering the new requirements on the construction of ecological civilization and regional coordinated development strategy in the new period, this paper further analyzes the problems of the evolution of territorial spatial structure from the aspects of regional disparities, resource and environment effects, and external relations. The results show that population and economy are further concentrated in urbanized areas, urban agglomeration areas, and the main development axis. The results also reveal that the population agglomeration process is faster than the economic agglomeration process. The overall economy and population of the country demonstrate a trend of mutual equilibrium, which is in line with the national natural carrying capacity and the territorial function suitability that considering the geographic location and system integrity. The regional disparities among different function areas, regional plates, the core area, and the edge area, along the axis area and away from the axis area show a narrowing trend. However, the problems of unbalanced regional development, resources, and the environment are still outstanding. The existing national "two horizontal and three vertical" axes cannot meet the strategic needs of coordinated regional development and the Silk Road Economic Belt's opening up in the new era. The following policy recommendations are proposed:promoting the further concentration of population in urban agglomerations and core areas of major axes to achieve a balance between population and economy; further reducing the population pressure in the peripheral areas of the northern region to promote a balance between population size and natural carrying capacity; adding the Pearl River-Xijiang development axis and to improve the "three horizontal and three vertical" strategic axes of territorial development; and extending the major axes along the Yangtze River passage, the land bridge passage and the Baokun passage to adapt to the openness strategy in the new era.
DOI10.16418/j.issn.1000-3045.20200505001
作者简介
王亚飞 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所副研究员。长期围绕资源环境承载能力与主体功能区开展系列研究,重点围绕地域功能的空间结构参数化解析、地域功能的国土空间优化配置、空间均衡模型的时空参量扩展3个方面进行重点研究,并应用于国土空间可持续开发与调控。发表学术论文40余篇,其中SCI论文14篇;申请授权专利10余项,参编学术专著4本。
E-mail:wangyafei@igsnrr.ac.cn
WANG Yafei Associate Professor and Master Tutor at the Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS).For many years,he has been conducting a series of studies on natural resources and environmental carrying capacity and major function zones,focusing on the parametric analysis of the spatial structure and the spatial optimum allocation of territorial functions,and space-time variant parameters in spatial equilibrium models,applied to the regional sustainable development and regulation.He has published more than 40 academic papers,including 14 SCI indexed papers and more than 20 first or corresponding author papers.He has applied for more than 10 authorized patents,and has edited 4 academic monographs.
E-mail:wangyafei@igsnrr.ac.cn
樊杰 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所研究员,中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院副院长,中国科学院大学资源与环境学院教授。长期从事人文与经济地理学、区域可持续发展过程与格局、主体功能区划与空间治理体系等研究。中国城市规划学会副理事长,中国地理学会国土空间规划分会主任、《经济地理》主编。兼任全国"十四五"规划专家委员会委员,全国国土空间规划专家组成员,住房建设部人居环境专委会副主任委员,法国地理学会荣誉会士。承担第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究任务、中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)、国家自然科学基金重点项目等研究任务。发表学术论文近300篇,出版专著近30部。曾获中国科学院杰出科技成就奖。
E-mail:fanj@igsnrr.ac.cn
FAN Jie Doctor,Researcher at the Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS),Deputy Director of Institutes of Science and Development,CAS,and Professor at College of Resources and Environment,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences.He has long been engaged in the research of humanity and economic geography,the process and pattern of regional sustainable development,the regionalization of main function and the spatial governance system.He is hosting or co-hosting a number of major research projects,e.g., "Function and System Optimization of Ecological Security Barrier" in the Second Comprehensive Scientific Expedition to the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, "Regional Green Development Plan" in the "PanThird-Pole Environmental Change and Green Silk Road" project of the Strategy Priority Research Program of CAS (Category A),and "Regional Function and Comprehensive Geographical Regionalization" of National Natural Science Foundation of China Key Program.He has published nearly 30 monographs and 300 papers in academic journals such as Earth Future,Chinese Science Bulletin and Acta Geographica Sinica.He was awarded the Outstanding Science and Technology Achievement Prize of CAS.He is serving as Vice Chairman of Urban Planning Society of China,Director of Territorial Space Planning Branch of the Geographical Society of China,Editor-in-Chief of Economic Geography,member of National 14th Five-Year Plan Expert Committee,member of the National Expert Group on Territorial Space Planning,Vice Chairman of the National Special Committee on Human Settlements Environment,and honorary member of the French Geographical Society.
E-mail:fanj@igsnrr.ac.cn
E-mail:wangyafei@igsnrr.ac.cn
WANG Yafei Associate Professor and Master Tutor at the Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS).For many years,he has been conducting a series of studies on natural resources and environmental carrying capacity and major function zones,focusing on the parametric analysis of the spatial structure and the spatial optimum allocation of territorial functions,and space-time variant parameters in spatial equilibrium models,applied to the regional sustainable development and regulation.He has published more than 40 academic papers,including 14 SCI indexed papers and more than 20 first or corresponding author papers.He has applied for more than 10 authorized patents,and has edited 4 academic monographs.
E-mail:wangyafei@igsnrr.ac.cn
樊杰 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所研究员,中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院副院长,中国科学院大学资源与环境学院教授。长期从事人文与经济地理学、区域可持续发展过程与格局、主体功能区划与空间治理体系等研究。中国城市规划学会副理事长,中国地理学会国土空间规划分会主任、《经济地理》主编。兼任全国"十四五"规划专家委员会委员,全国国土空间规划专家组成员,住房建设部人居环境专委会副主任委员,法国地理学会荣誉会士。承担第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究任务、中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)、国家自然科学基金重点项目等研究任务。发表学术论文近300篇,出版专著近30部。曾获中国科学院杰出科技成就奖。
E-mail:fanj@igsnrr.ac.cn
FAN Jie Doctor,Researcher at the Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS),Deputy Director of Institutes of Science and Development,CAS,and Professor at College of Resources and Environment,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences.He has long been engaged in the research of humanity and economic geography,the process and pattern of regional sustainable development,the regionalization of main function and the spatial governance system.He is hosting or co-hosting a number of major research projects,e.g., "Function and System Optimization of Ecological Security Barrier" in the Second Comprehensive Scientific Expedition to the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, "Regional Green Development Plan" in the "PanThird-Pole Environmental Change and Green Silk Road" project of the Strategy Priority Research Program of CAS (Category A),and "Regional Function and Comprehensive Geographical Regionalization" of National Natural Science Foundation of China Key Program.He has published nearly 30 monographs and 300 papers in academic journals such as Earth Future,Chinese Science Bulletin and Acta Geographica Sinica.He was awarded the Outstanding Science and Technology Achievement Prize of CAS.He is serving as Vice Chairman of Urban Planning Society of China,Director of Territorial Space Planning Branch of the Geographical Society of China,Editor-in-Chief of Economic Geography,member of National 14th Five-Year Plan Expert Committee,member of the National Expert Group on Territorial Space Planning,Vice Chairman of the National Special Committee on Human Settlements Environment,and honorary member of the French Geographical Society.
E-mail:fanj@igsnrr.ac.cn
