冰冻圈人文社会学的重要视角：功能与服务
Key Viewpoint of Cryospheric Human-sociology: Function and Service
Key Viewpoint of Cryospheric Human-sociology: Function and Service
作者
效存德(北京师范大学 地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室 北京 100875)
王晓明(中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室 兰州 730000)
苏勃(北京师范大学 地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室 北京 100875)
王晓明(中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室 兰州 730000)
苏勃(北京师范大学 地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室 北京 100875)
中文关键词
冰冻圈人文社会学;冰冻圈功能;冰冻圈服务;全球水塔;极地系统;服务价值;恢复力
英文关键词
cryospheric human-sociology;cryospheric functions;cryospheric services;water tower;polar system;service valuation;resilience
中文摘要
冰冻圈与人类社会（人类圈）息息相关，随着全球变暖和冰冻圈普遍退缩，冰冻圈对人类社会的致利和致灾效应均在发生深刻的变化：一方面，冰冻圈灾害以频发的极端事件加剧呈现；另一方面，冰冻圈服务能力整体将不断减弱乃至丧失。文章在介绍冰冻圈核心区及其主要影响区域的人文社会特征基础上，对冰冻圈功能与服务及其价值理论进行论述，并以全球高山"水塔"的重要性和极地系统变化为例阐述冰冻圈功能和服务变化及其影响，最后进一步讨论了提升冰冻圈影响区社会生态-系统恢复力的路径。
英文摘要
The cryosphere is closely related to human society. As a result of climate warming and corresponding cryosphere shrinkage, the cryosphere functions (CFs) and their associated services and hazards are undergoing profound changes. On the one hand, the cryosphere hazards become more and more frequent with heavily extreme events; on the other hand, the overall cryospheric service (CS) capacity has been deteriorating and would continue or be eventually lost. This article introduced the concepts of CFs, CSs, and their value on the basis of summarizing the human and social characteristics of the cryosphere and its affected areas. Then, taking the importance of world's "water towers" and changes in polar systems as examples, we illustrated the changes in CSs and their impact. Finally, the resilient pathway of cryosphere-affected socio-ecological systems was further discussed.
DOI10.16418/j.issn.1000-3045.20200225003
作者简介
效存德 北京师范大学地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室主任、教授、博士生导师。主要从事冰冻圈与全球变化、冰冻圈功能及其服务研究。曾任国际冰冻圈科学学会(IACS)副主席,现任世界气象组织(WMO)极地与高山观测、研究和服务指导委员会(EC-PHORS)委员、中国冰冻圈科学学会(筹)秘书长、中国科学探险协会副主席、IPCC AR6第一工作组第九章首席作者(CLA)等,以及International Journal of Disaster Risk Science和Advances in Climate Change Research等杂志编委。主持国家重点研发计划、国家杰出青年科学基金、国家自然科学基金重大项目课题多项。发表论文250余篇。
E-mail:cdxiao@bnu.edu.cn
XIAO Cunde Professor and Director at State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology (ESPRE),Beijing Normal University (BNU).His research interests focus on cryosphere and global changes,cryosphere functions and their services.He used to serve as Vice-President of International Association of Cryospheric Science (IACS),and now is a member of WMO Expert Committee of Polar and High Mountain Observation,Research and Services (EC-PHORS),the Coordinate Leading Author (CLA) of Working Group One (WG1) of IPCC Sixth Assessment Report (AR6),the Secretary-General of China Society of Cryospheric Science,and the editorial board of many journals such as International Journal of Disaster Risk Science and Advances in Climate Change Research.He is also the Principal Investigator (PI) of the National Key R&D Program of China,the Assistant PI of the National Fundamental Research Development Plan Project of China,and the National Natural Science Foundation of China.He has completed and published more than 250 papers.
E-mail:cdxiao@bnu.edu.cn
E-mail:cdxiao@bnu.edu.cn
XIAO Cunde Professor and Director at State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology (ESPRE),Beijing Normal University (BNU).His research interests focus on cryosphere and global changes,cryosphere functions and their services.He used to serve as Vice-President of International Association of Cryospheric Science (IACS),and now is a member of WMO Expert Committee of Polar and High Mountain Observation,Research and Services (EC-PHORS),the Coordinate Leading Author (CLA) of Working Group One (WG1) of IPCC Sixth Assessment Report (AR6),the Secretary-General of China Society of Cryospheric Science,and the editorial board of many journals such as International Journal of Disaster Risk Science and Advances in Climate Change Research.He is also the Principal Investigator (PI) of the National Key R&D Program of China,the Assistant PI of the National Fundamental Research Development Plan Project of China,and the National Natural Science Foundation of China.He has completed and published more than 250 papers.
E-mail:cdxiao@bnu.edu.cn
