冰芯气候环境记录研究：从科学到政策
Study on Climatic and Environmental Changes Recorded in Ice Cores: From Science to Policy
Study on Climatic and Environmental Changes Recorded in Ice Cores: From Science to Policy
作者
姚檀栋(中国科学院青藏高原研究所 北京 100101;中国科学院青藏高原地球科学卓越创新中心 北京 100101)
秦大河(中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室 兰州 730000)
王宁练(中国科学院青藏高原地球科学卓越创新中心 北京 100101;西北大学 城市与环境学院 西安 710127;陕西省地表系统与环境承载力重点实验室 西安 710127)
刘勇勤(中国科学院青藏高原研究所 北京 100101;中国科学院青藏高原地球科学卓越创新中心 北京 100101)
徐柏青(中国科学院青藏高原研究所 北京 100101;中国科学院青藏高原地球科学卓越创新中心 北京 100101)
秦大河(中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室 兰州 730000)
王宁练(中国科学院青藏高原地球科学卓越创新中心 北京 100101;西北大学 城市与环境学院 西安 710127;陕西省地表系统与环境承载力重点实验室 西安 710127)
刘勇勤(中国科学院青藏高原研究所 北京 100101;中国科学院青藏高原地球科学卓越创新中心 北京 100101)
徐柏青(中国科学院青藏高原研究所 北京 100101;中国科学院青藏高原地球科学卓越创新中心 北京 100101)
中文关键词
冰芯记录;三极环境;气候变化;环境政策;人类活动;全球变暖
英文关键词
ice core record;the Three Poles' environment;climate change;environmental policy;human activities;global warming
中文摘要
冰芯是过去气候环境变化信息的重要载体。文章着重阐述了三极（南极、北极和第三极）冰芯研究在揭示过去气候变化、大气温室气体含量变化、太阳活动、火山活动及人类活动等方面所取得的成就，并说明冰芯研究对相关环境政策制定（如含铅汽油禁用政策、温室气体减排政策）的推动作用。建议国家尽快建立冰芯档案储藏库，以拯救冰芯资源，为后世科学研究与国家发展服务。
英文摘要
Ice core is an important carrier of the past climatic and environmental change information. In this paper, we firstly introduced how ice cores record past climatic and environmental changes. Then, we elaborated the achievements of ice core research in the past climate change, levels of atmospheric greenhouse gases, solar activity, volcanic eruptions, and human activities. Thirdly, the role of ice core research in promoting relevant environmental policy making was stated, such as the ban on Pb additives in gasoline and greenhouse gas emission reduction policies. And finally, it was suggested that the state should establish a National Ice Core Facility to drill and store the ice cores from the Three Poles (Antarctic, Arctic, and the Third Pole) to serve the future scientific research and national development.
DOI10.16418/j.issn.1000-3045.20200303001
作者简介
姚檀栋 中国科学院院士,第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究队队长、中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)"泛第三极环境变化与绿色丝绸之路建设"首席科学家。中国青藏高原研究会理事长、"第三极环境(TPE)"国际计划主席。长期从事青藏高原科学考察研究,在冰川与环境变化研究领域作出了系统性创新贡献。研究发现气候变暖和西风与季风协同作用是青藏高原冰川变化区域差异的主要驱动力;组织撰写的《西藏高原环境变化科学评估》报告为推进青藏高原生态屏障建设提供了重要科学依据;发起的TPE国际计划促进了国际青藏高原研究领域的深度交流。发表论文300多篇,其中重要成果发表在包括Nature、Science、Nature Climate Change、Review of Geophysics、BAMS等国际权威期刊上。2017年因在青藏高原冰川和环境研究方面所作出的贡献荣获维加奖。
E-mail:tdyao@itpcas.ac.cn
YAO Tandong Member of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS).He is also the Chair of the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research program (STEP) and Pan-Third Pole Environment study for a Green Silk Road program (Pan-TPE),Chairman of the China Society on Tibetan Plateau (CSTP),Co-chair of Third Pole Environment (TPE) Program.Yao Tandong has been focusing and internationally acknowledged of his study on glacier and environment on the Tibetan Plateau.He has carried out different programs relating to environment in the past 30 years.His research has been published in Nature,Science,Nature Climate Change,Review of Geophysics,BAMS,etc.One of his recent works reveals that,under the impact of global warming,glaciers in the Tibetan Plateau and surrounding regions are retreating rapidly and spatially different because of the interaction between the Indian monsoon and westerlies,with the most rapid retreating in the southeast Tibetan Plateau and the least retreating in the northwest Tibetan Plateau.He has successfully organized many international conferences and workshops,as well as several major national and international research programs.Among them,the TPE program has been internationally influential.He has been awarded the Vega Medal for his pioneering work on the Tibetan Plateau glacier and environment in 2017.
E-mail:tdyao@itpcas.ac.cn
E-mail:tdyao@itpcas.ac.cn
YAO Tandong Member of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS).He is also the Chair of the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research program (STEP) and Pan-Third Pole Environment study for a Green Silk Road program (Pan-TPE),Chairman of the China Society on Tibetan Plateau (CSTP),Co-chair of Third Pole Environment (TPE) Program.Yao Tandong has been focusing and internationally acknowledged of his study on glacier and environment on the Tibetan Plateau.He has carried out different programs relating to environment in the past 30 years.His research has been published in Nature,Science,Nature Climate Change,Review of Geophysics,BAMS,etc.One of his recent works reveals that,under the impact of global warming,glaciers in the Tibetan Plateau and surrounding regions are retreating rapidly and spatially different because of the interaction between the Indian monsoon and westerlies,with the most rapid retreating in the southeast Tibetan Plateau and the least retreating in the northwest Tibetan Plateau.He has successfully organized many international conferences and workshops,as well as several major national and international research programs.Among them,the TPE program has been internationally influential.He has been awarded the Vega Medal for his pioneering work on the Tibetan Plateau glacier and environment in 2017.
E-mail:tdyao@itpcas.ac.cn
