黄河流域气候与水文变化的现状及思考
Status and Ponder of Climate and Hydrology Changes in the Yellow River Basin
Status and Ponder of Climate and Hydrology Changes in the Yellow River Basin
作者
马柱国(中国科学院大气物理研究所 中国科学院东亚区域气候-环境重点实验室 北京 100029;中国科学院大学 北京 100049)
符淙斌(中国科学院大气物理研究所 中国科学院东亚区域气候-环境重点实验室 北京 100029;中国科学院大学 北京 100049;南京大学 南京 210093)
周天军(中国科学院大气物理研究所 中国科学院东亚区域气候-环境重点实验室 北京 100029)
严中伟(中国科学院大气物理研究所 中国科学院东亚区域气候-环境重点实验室 北京 100029;中国科学院大学 北京 100049)
李明星(中国科学院大气物理研究所 中国科学院东亚区域气候-环境重点实验室 北京 100029)
郑子彦(中国科学院大气物理研究所 中国科学院东亚区域气候-环境重点实验室 北京 100029)
陈亮(中国科学院大气物理研究所 中国科学院东亚区域气候-环境重点实验室 北京 100029)
吕美霞(中国科学院大气物理研究所 中国科学院东亚区域气候-环境重点实验室 北京 100029)
符淙斌(中国科学院大气物理研究所 中国科学院东亚区域气候-环境重点实验室 北京 100029;中国科学院大学 北京 100049;南京大学 南京 210093)
周天军(中国科学院大气物理研究所 中国科学院东亚区域气候-环境重点实验室 北京 100029)
严中伟(中国科学院大气物理研究所 中国科学院东亚区域气候-环境重点实验室 北京 100029;中国科学院大学 北京 100049)
李明星(中国科学院大气物理研究所 中国科学院东亚区域气候-环境重点实验室 北京 100029)
郑子彦(中国科学院大气物理研究所 中国科学院东亚区域气候-环境重点实验室 北京 100029)
陈亮(中国科学院大气物理研究所 中国科学院东亚区域气候-环境重点实验室 北京 100029)
吕美霞(中国科学院大气物理研究所 中国科学院东亚区域气候-环境重点实验室 北京 100029)
中文关键词
黄河流域;气候暖干化;径流减少;人类用水
英文关键词
the Yellow River Basin;warming and drying climate;decreased streamflow;human water use
中文摘要
黄河是中华民族的母亲河，孕育了博大精深的中华文明。同时，流域频发的水旱灾害也给黄河两岸的人民群众带来了深重的灾难。当前，由于全球增暖和人类活动加剧的影响，黄河流域气候及水文过程发生了显著的变化，流域整体气候的暖干化和人类用水的不断增加使得黄河流域的水文干旱不断加剧。“退耕还林还草”政策的实施使得黄土高原的植被覆盖得到极大改善，有效地抑制了严重的水土流失，但同时也导致该地区土壤的干化和干土层的加厚，这些是黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展面临的重大问题，也是涉及气候-水-生态-人类社会如何协同发展的基础科学问题。
英文摘要
The Yellow River is known as China's Mother River, which fosters the great and profound Chinese civilization. However, the frequent flood and drought disasters have also brought serious disasters to the people who live in the Yellow River Basin. At present, significant changes have taken place in the climate and hydrological processes of the Yellow River Basin due to global warming and human activities. The warming and drying climate and increase of human water use in the Yellow River Basin have led to an increase in hydrological drought. Although the Grain for Green program has greatly improved the vegetation coverage on the Loess Plateau and effectively inhibited severe soil erosion, but also enhanced the soil desiccation and enlarged the dry soil layers in this area. These phenomena are not only the major challenges for ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin, but also the basic scientific issues which related to the coordinated development of climate-water-ecology-society.
DOI10.16418/j.issn.1000-3045.20191223002
作者简介
马柱国 中国科学院特聘研究员,中国科学院大学岗位教授。中国科学院东亚区域气候-环境重点实验室主任,全球变化国家重大研究计划"973 "项目首席科学家(2012-2016年),国家重点研发计划《全球变化及应对》项目首席科学家(2016-2021年),国家自然科学基金重点项目负责人(2016-2020年)。研究兴趣集中在区域气候的分析及模拟、区域模式的发展和应用、地表水分过程对气候变化的影响、干旱化的检测和形成机理、城市化对气候变化影响等方面。兼任中国科学院和教育部多个重点实验室学术委员会委员及多个期刊编委。发表论文共计130余篇,其中SCI论文70余篇,参与和与他人合作著作3部。曾获科学技术部重大基础研究计划" 973"项目先进个人及省部级奖3次。
E-mail:mazg@tea.ac.cn
MA Zhuguo Researcher/Ph.D.Tutor,specially-appointed researcher of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)/Post Professor of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences.Currently,he serves as the director of the Key Laboratory of Regional ClimateEnvironment Research for Temperate East Asia,CAS.He is the chief scientist of the National Major Research Program (973 Program) project of global change (2012-2016),the National Key R&D Program of China (2016-2021),and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (2016-2020).His research interests focus on the analysis and simulation of regional climate,the development and application of regional models,the impact of surface moisture processes on climate change,the detection and formation mechanisms of global and regional drought,and the impact of urbanization on climate change.He is also a member of the academic committees of several key laboratories of CAS and the Ministry of Education,and the editorial board of many journals such as Atmospheric Sciences.He has completed and published more than 130 papers,including more than 70 SCI-indexed papers,and participated in and collaborated with others for 3 books.In 2004,he was awarded the advanced individual of the 973 Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology's major basic research plan,and won the provincial and ministerial awards 3 times.
E-mail:mazg@tea.ac.cn
E-mail:mazg@tea.ac.cn
MA Zhuguo Researcher/Ph.D.Tutor,specially-appointed researcher of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)/Post Professor of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences.Currently,he serves as the director of the Key Laboratory of Regional ClimateEnvironment Research for Temperate East Asia,CAS.He is the chief scientist of the National Major Research Program (973 Program) project of global change (2012-2016),the National Key R&D Program of China (2016-2021),and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (2016-2020).His research interests focus on the analysis and simulation of regional climate,the development and application of regional models,the impact of surface moisture processes on climate change,the detection and formation mechanisms of global and regional drought,and the impact of urbanization on climate change.He is also a member of the academic committees of several key laboratories of CAS and the Ministry of Education,and the editorial board of many journals such as Atmospheric Sciences.He has completed and published more than 130 papers,including more than 70 SCI-indexed papers,and participated in and collaborated with others for 3 books.In 2004,he was awarded the advanced individual of the 973 Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology's major basic research plan,and won the provincial and ministerial awards 3 times.
E-mail:mazg@tea.ac.cn
