设计生命:合成生物学的安全风险与伦理挑战
Design Life: Safety Risks and Ethical Challenges in Synthetic Biology
Design Life: Safety Risks and Ethical Challenges in Synthetic Biology
作者
李真真(中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院 北京 100190;中国科学院大学 北京 100049)
董永亮(中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院 北京 100190;中国科学院大学 北京 100049)
高旖蔚(中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院 北京 100190;中国科学院大学 北京 100049)
董永亮(中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院 北京 100190;中国科学院大学 北京 100049)
高旖蔚(中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院 北京 100190;中国科学院大学 北京 100049)
中文关键词
合成生物学;伦理;生物安全;生物安保;监管
英文关键词
synthetic biology;ethics;biosafety;biosecurity;regulation
中文摘要
合成生物学的快速发展引起学界的广泛关注。合成生物学的工程特性赋予其“设计”和“重构”的实践内涵，人为设计的生命得以加入传统的以DNA为基础的生命进化进程，进而引发了一系列安全风险和伦理问题。文章探讨了合成生物学发展历程中的标志性事件所引发的伦理争议，剖析了合成生物学面临的安全风险、伦理困境及其诱因，在借鉴欧美国家监管机制的基础上，提出我国合成生物学伦理监管的思路。
英文摘要
The rapid development of synthetic biology has aroused widespread concern in the academic community. The engineering properties of synthetic biology individualize it the practical meaning of "design" and "reconstruction". The artificially designed life can be introduced to the traditional DNA-based life evolution process, which may lead to a series of safety risks and ethical arguments. The article explores the controversy caused by the landmark events in the development of synthetic biology, draws in-depth analysis on the safety risks of synthetic biology, as well as the ethical dilemmas and inducements of them. Based on the regulatory mechanism of European countries and U.S., several recommendations were put forward on ethical regulation of synthetic biology in China.
DOI10.16418/j.issn.1000-3045.2018.11.016
作者简介
李真真 中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院研究员,博士生导师。中国科学院学部科学规范与伦理研究支撑中心执行主任,《科学与社会》常务副主编,中国科学学与科技政策研究会常务理事、科学社会学专业委员会主任委员,中国社会学会科学社会学专业委员会副理事长,中华人民共和国国史研究会当代科技史分会会长。主要研究领域:科学的社会研究、科技伦理、科技政策与管理。
E-mail:lzz@casipm.ac.cn
LI Zhenzhen Professor,Ph.D.Supervisor of Institutes of Science and Development,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS);Executive Director of Scientific Norms and Ethics Research Support Center,Academic Divisions of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CASAD).Deputy Managing Editor of Science and Society.Executive Member of Chinese Association for Science of Science and S&T Policy;Chairman of the Sociology of Science Committee;Vice Chairman of Sociology of Science Committee,Chinese Sociological Association (CSA);Chairman of the Research Branch of Contemporary History of Science and Technology,Association of National History of the People's Republic of China (ANHPRC).She specializes in social study of sciences,S&T ethics,and S&T policy and management.
E-mail:lzz@casipm.ac.cn
E-mail:lzz@casipm.ac.cn
LI Zhenzhen Professor,Ph.D.Supervisor of Institutes of Science and Development,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS);Executive Director of Scientific Norms and Ethics Research Support Center,Academic Divisions of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CASAD).Deputy Managing Editor of Science and Society.Executive Member of Chinese Association for Science of Science and S&T Policy;Chairman of the Sociology of Science Committee;Vice Chairman of Sociology of Science Committee,Chinese Sociological Association (CSA);Chairman of the Research Branch of Contemporary History of Science and Technology,Association of National History of the People's Republic of China (ANHPRC).She specializes in social study of sciences,S&T ethics,and S&T policy and management.
E-mail:lzz@casipm.ac.cn
