建立全球领先的科学技术创新体系——美国成为世界科技强国之路
Construct World Leading S&T Innovation System—U.S. Road to World's Scientific and Technological Power
Construct World Leading S&T Innovation System—U.S. Road to World's Scientific and Technological Power
作者
樊春良(中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院 北京 100190)
中文关键词
世界科技强国;美国;科学技术;创新体系
英文关键词
world's scientific and technological power;American science and technology system;partnership;scientific freedom and autonomy
中文摘要
文章从国家创新体系起源和发展的角度，探讨美国成为世界科技强国的发展道路和关键点，并指出美国在成为世界科技强国的发展过程中，经过二战形成了一个以政府、大学、企业三者伙伴关系为特点的创新体系，从而促进了美国科学技术的飞速发展。同时，美国科学技术也是在应对外部挑战而寻求变革中得到发展的。文章认为科学的自由和自主精神、基础研究与应用的结合、多元化的投入体系以及创新文化环境是美国成为世界科技强国的重要因素。
英文摘要
From the perspective of the origin and development of national innovation system, this study explores the development road and the key features of the United States as the world science and technology power. It is pointed out that the United States became a world power after a long historical process, and it formed a innovation system characterized by a partnership of government, university, and enterprise after the World War Ⅱ, which has promoted great development of science and technology. At the same time, American science and technology are developing in response to external challenges. This paper holds that the scientific freedom and autonomy, the interaction between basic research and application, and pluralism investment system are the foundation for the United States as the world's scientific and technological power.
DOI10.16418/j.issn.1000-3045.2018.05.008
作者简介
樊春良 中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院研究员，中国科学院大学公共管理学院教授，博士生导师。中国科学学与科技政策研究会科技政策专业委员会主任，长期从事科技政策及相关领域方面的研究。出版专著《全球化时代的科技政策》（2005）。
E-mail: fcl@mail.casipm.ac.cn
FAN Chunliang Research Professor at the Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and is also faculty at School of Public Policy and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences. His research focuses on science policy, science and society.
E-mail: fcl@mail.casipm.ac.cn
E-mail: fcl@mail.casipm.ac.cn
FAN Chunliang Research Professor at the Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and is also faculty at School of Public Policy and Management, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences. His research focuses on science policy, science and society.
E-mail: fcl@mail.casipm.ac.cn
