建设独立自主的国家科技创新体系——法国成为世界科技强国的路径

Construct Independent National S&T Innovation System—French Way to World S&T Power
作者
        邱举良(中国科学院 国际合作局 北京 100864)
        方晓东(中国科学院文献情报中心 北京 100190)
中文关键词
         法国;科技强国;科技创新体系;国立科研机构;发展战略
英文关键词
        France;science and technology power;science and technology innovation system;national research institutions;development strategy
中文摘要
        第二次世界大战结束后,夏尔·戴高乐将军着手组建一批国立科研机构,努力建设独立自主科技创新体系,并持续实施国家创新战略的顶层设计,这一系列举措为日后法国在科学技术与高新技术产业层面实现“辉煌三十年”(20世纪60—80年代),以及成为当今世界经济、军事和科技创新强国作出了不可磨灭的贡献。文章以二战结束为时间起点,重点围绕国立科研机构设置、国家科技创新体系建设、人才培养、基础研究、科研环境建设、成果转移转化、科技评价和国家创新战略布局8个方面论述法国建设科技强国的主要路径。
英文摘要
        After the World War Ⅱ, General Charles de Gaulle began to establish national research institutions in batches, strived to build an independent scientific and technological innovation system, and continued the top-level design of national innovation strategies. These actions have made both indelible contributions to France's “brilliant three decades” in the science, technology, and high-tech industries from 1960s to 1980s of the 20th Century, and to world's economic, military and technological power. This article, taking the end of World War Ⅱ as the starting point, discusses the main path of building a scientific and technological power from eight aspects: the establishment of national scientific research institutions, the construction of national science and technology innovation system, talent training, basic research, scientific research environment construction, transformation of achievements, evaluation of science and technology, and national innovation strategy layout.
DOI10.16418/j.issn.1000-3045.2018.05.006
作者简介
邱举良原中国科学院国际合作局常务副局长,法语译审。曾长期在中国驻法国大使馆工作,参与编写《法国科技实用指南》和主编《法国科技概况》,发表过数百篇法国科技方面的文章。
E-mail: jlqiu@cashq.ac.cn
QIU Juliang Former Executive Deputy Director-General of Bureau of International Co-operation, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), a senior translator. He has worked as a diplomat in the Chinese Embassy in France over a long period of time, participated in writing Science et Technologie françaises—Guide pratique and editor in chief of Vue d'ensemble de la Science et de la Technologie en France, and has published hundreds articles concerned French science and technology.
E-mail: jlqiu@cashq.ac.cn
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