土壤侵蚀:从综合治理到生态调控
Soil Erosion: From Comprehensive Control to Ecological Regulation
Soil Erosion: From Comprehensive Control to Ecological Regulation
作者
史志华(华中农业大学 资源与环境学院 武汉 430070;中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所 杨凌 712100)
王玲(华中农业大学 资源与环境学院 武汉 430070)
刘前进(临沂大学 资源与环境学院 临沂 276000)
张含玉(临沂大学 资源与环境学院 临沂 276000)
黄萱(华中农业大学 资源与环境学院 武汉 430070)
方怒放(中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所 杨凌 712100)
王玲(华中农业大学 资源与环境学院 武汉 430070)
刘前进(临沂大学 资源与环境学院 临沂 276000)
张含玉(临沂大学 资源与环境学院 临沂 276000)
黄萱(华中农业大学 资源与环境学院 武汉 430070)
方怒放(中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所 杨凌 712100)
中文关键词
土壤侵蚀;水土保持;生态文明建设
英文关键词
soil erosion;soil and water conservation;ecological civilization construction
中文摘要
我国土壤侵蚀类型多样、侵蚀过程复杂，相应的水土保持措施丰富。文章对国内外土壤侵蚀及其阻控研究进行了分析，总结了我国复杂环境下土壤侵蚀理论和实践的研究成果；回顾了我国土壤侵蚀防治由优化坡面措施，到小流域综合整治，再到区域生态经济协同发展与优化布局的演变历程。在此基础上，提出了现阶段治理重心应从遏制面积扩张转向生态功能提升为主，治理手段应从综合治理转向生态调控，变对抗为利用，变控制为调节，寻求土壤侵蚀防治与农业高效生产和环境可持续发展的协同途径，以期为国家生态文明建设提供科学依据。
英文摘要
Soil erosion is a major agricultural and environmental threat worldwide, with a negative effect on soil fertility, crop production, water quality, and aquatic ecosystem. Controlling erosion is crucial to sustaining agricultural yields and reducing environmental damages. This paper analyzes the studies on soil erosion processes and its conservation practices, and also reviews China's experience and research progress in past soil and water conservation efforts. Based on the analyses, a proposal is put forward for the prospective studies of erosion mechanisms, a new paradigm of soil conservation, soil water resource management strategies and goals for ecological civilization, designating to provide scientific basis for policies on the national ecological construction.
DOI10.16418/j.issn.1000-3045.2018.02.010
作者简介
史志华 华中农业大学教授,中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室固定人员。国家自然科学基金委杰出青年基金获得者,中科院"百人计划"入选者。主要研究领域包括土壤侵蚀机理、流域侵蚀产沙过程模拟和水土保持。主编专著2部,发表SCI论文70余篇。E-mail:pengshi@mail.hzau.edu.cn
SHI Zhihua Professor in Huazhong Agricultural University and Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS).He is a winner of National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars from the National Natural Science Foundation of China in 2015,and "Hundred Talents Project" of CAS in 2011.His research field includes mechanism of soil erosion,sediment yield at the watershed scale,and soil conservation.He has published more than 70 SCI indexed papers and co-authored 2 books.E-mail:pengshi@mail.hzau.edu.cn
SHI Zhihua Professor in Huazhong Agricultural University and Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS).He is a winner of National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars from the National Natural Science Foundation of China in 2015,and "Hundred Talents Project" of CAS in 2011.His research field includes mechanism of soil erosion,sediment yield at the watershed scale,and soil conservation.He has published more than 70 SCI indexed papers and co-authored 2 books.E-mail:pengshi@mail.hzau.edu.cn
