面向作物产量和环境双赢的氮肥施用策略
Win-win Nitrogen Management Practices for Improving Crop Yield and Environmental Sustainability
Win-win Nitrogen Management Practices for Improving Crop Yield and Environmental Sustainability
作者
颜晓元(中国科学院南京土壤研究所 南京 210008)
夏龙龙(中国科学院南京土壤研究所 南京 210008)
遆超普(中国科学院南京土壤研究所 南京 210008)
夏龙龙(中国科学院南京土壤研究所 南京 210008)
遆超普(中国科学院南京土壤研究所 南京 210008)
中文关键词
氮肥管理;氮肥利用率;氮素损失;作物产量;环境可持续发展
英文关键词
nitrogen (N) management;N use efficiency;N losses;crop yield;environmental sustainability
中文摘要
我国是世界上最大的化学氮肥消耗国，总用量达到了全球总量的33%。但是氮肥的过量施用并没有带来持续的作物高产，反而造成了一系列的环境问题。文章综述了我国近30年来农田土壤氮素的收支和利用率情况，分析了我国农田土壤氮素的去向及其环境影响，重点论述了如何通过氮肥合理管理来实现粮食安全和环境可持续发展的双重目标。
英文摘要
China is the largest nitrogen (N) fertilizer-consuming country in the world, accounting for about 33% of world total. The overuse of N fertilizer has resulted in a cascade of environmental problems without a continuous increase in crop yield. This paper briefed the N budget and N use efficiency in the cropland of China from 1980 to 2010, analyzed various N losses and their associated environmental impacts with a special focus on the discussion about how to achieve the dual goal of food security and environmental sustainability by implementing knowledge-based N management practices.
DOI10.16418/j.issn.1000-3045.2018.02.007
作者简介
颜晓元 中国科学院南京土壤研究所研究员,博士生导师;中国土壤学会氮素工作组主任。长期从事土壤碳氮循环研究,成果被联合国政府间气候变化专门委员会(IPCC)的多次评估报告和排放清单指南采用。曾获国家自然科学奖二等奖、江苏省科技进步奖一等奖、日本农林水产省国际青年农业科学家奖,以及2014年获国家杰出青年科学基金资助。E-mail:yanxy@issas.ac.cn
YAN Xiaoyuan Professor at the Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,and Director of the Nitrogen Working Group of Chinese Soil Science Society.His research focuses on soil carbon and nitrogen cycling,with research results widely cited and adopted by the IPCC Assessment Reports and Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories.He was an awardee of National Natural Science Award of China,Jiangsu Science and Technology Progress Award,National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,and Japan Internal Young Scientist Award of Agricultural Sciences.E-mail:yanxy@issas.ac.cn
YAN Xiaoyuan Professor at the Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,and Director of the Nitrogen Working Group of Chinese Soil Science Society.His research focuses on soil carbon and nitrogen cycling,with research results widely cited and adopted by the IPCC Assessment Reports and Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories.He was an awardee of National Natural Science Award of China,Jiangsu Science and Technology Progress Award,National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,and Japan Internal Young Scientist Award of Agricultural Sciences.E-mail:yanxy@issas.ac.cn
