我国土壤污染的区域差异与分区治理修复策略
Regional Difference in Soil Pollution and Strategy of Soil Zonal Governance and Remediation in China
Regional Difference in Soil Pollution and Strategy of Soil Zonal Governance and Remediation in China
作者
骆永明(中国科学院南京土壤研究所 土壤环境与污染修复重点实验室 南京 210008)
滕应(中国科学院南京土壤研究所 土壤环境与污染修复重点实验室 南京 210008)
滕应(中国科学院南京土壤研究所 土壤环境与污染修复重点实验室 南京 210008)
中文关键词
土壤污染;区域差异;区域土壤环境;土壤分区治理修复策略;中国
英文关键词
soil pollution;regional difference;regional soil environment;zonal soil governance and remediation strategy;China
中文摘要
我国已实行分类、分级的土壤环境监管工作，但尚未融合分区治理修复策略。自然地球化学异常或人为污染物空间排放差异可使土壤环境污染具有区域性特征。实行区域土壤污染的分区治理符合土壤污染的客观性和人为性。文章在分析土壤污染的自然与人为成因基础上，提出了基于土壤污染区域差异性的分区治理修复策略。建议积极推进制定地方土壤污染防治法，允许地方制修订土壤环境质量标准，以及加强支持土壤污染的分区治理修复与安全利用的科技创新，包括加大区域土壤污染与修复基础研究和技术发展，区域土壤污染治理与修复技术示范先行区建设，区域土壤污染治理与修复科技创新能力建设，以及区域土壤污染治理与修复科技成果转化工作。文章还建议建立健全我国区域土壤环境质量综合监管与改善技术体系，构建土壤污染分区防治体系，支持区域土壤环境监管，确保区域土壤环境安全与可持续健康发展。
英文摘要
Classification and gradation have been put into practice in soil environmental monitoring and management in China, but not yet integrated soil zonal governance and remediation strategy. Natural geochemical anomaly or spatially different man-made pollutant discharge enables the regional characteristics of the soil environmental pollution. Implementation of zonal governance and remediation of regional soil pollution are accord with the natural and/or man-made causes of soil pollution. Based on the analysis of soil pollution sources and causes, this study puts forward the zoning governance and remediation strategy based on regional differences in soil pollution in China. The following suggestions are proposed:to actively promote the formulation of local soil pollution prevention law, to allow the establishment of local soil environmental quality standard system, and to strengthen scientific and technological innovation for supporting partition monitoring and remediation and safe use of polluted soil, including an increasing input for basic research and technology development, applied technology demonstration area construction, technology innovation ability construction, and the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in regional soil pollution control and remediation. It is also suggested to establish a national-wide comprehensive and sound system for regional soil environment quality management and remediation technology, build up a zonal soil pollution prevention and control system, support regional soil environmental governance, and ensure a safe, sustainable, and healthy development in regional soil environment in China.
DOI10.16418/j.issn.1000-3045.2018.02.003
作者简介
骆永明 博士,中国科学院南京土壤研究所研究员,中国科学院大学核心岗位教授。主要从事土壤污染与修复、海岸带生物地球化学与风险管理研究。为中国科学院"百人计划"、国家杰出青年科学基金获得者,中组部首批"万人计划"入选者;科技部第四届"973"计划资源环境领域咨询组成员、"‘十三五’场地土壤污染成因与治理技术"重点研发计划召集人。中国土壤学会常务理事、土壤修复专业委员会学术顾问等;国际植物技术学会副主席。曾为科技部"973 "计划项目首席科学家、"863"计划重大项目首席科学家。获省部级科学技术奖一、二等奖项。被授予中国土壤学会奖、中国科学院优秀教师奖等称号。E-mail:ymluo@yic.ac.cn
LUO Yongming Ph.D.,Researcher of Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and Professor of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences.His research fields mainly focus on soil pollution and remediation,and the coastal biogeochemistry and environmental risk.He was awarded the "100 Talent Program of CAS" (1997),the "National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars" by NSFC (2001),and the first finalist of National "Ten Thousand Talent Program" by Organization Department of CPC Central Committee.He is the expert group member (the 4th session) of the National Key Basic Research Program (" 973 "Program) by Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) in the field of Resource and Environment,and the coordinator of a National Key Research and Development Program of China: "Site Soil Pollution Formation and Treatment Technology (2018-2022)".He has served as an executive member of the Soil Science Society of China (SSSC) since 2012,the academic consultant of the Soil Remediation Committee,SSSC since 2014,and vice president of the International Phytotechnology Society since 2017.He also served as the chief scientist of the "973" Program (2002-2008) and the chief scientist of the "863" Major Program (2012-2017).He achieved the second prize of the Science and Technology Award of Jiangsu Province and the first prize of the 9th and 11th Science and Technology Award of SSSC (2014 and 2016).He was also awarded the Award of SSSC in 2012 and the Award of Excellent Teacher by CAS (2006 and 2016).E-mail:ymluo@yic.ac.cn
LUO Yongming Ph.D.,Researcher of Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and Professor of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences.His research fields mainly focus on soil pollution and remediation,and the coastal biogeochemistry and environmental risk.He was awarded the "100 Talent Program of CAS" (1997),the "National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars" by NSFC (2001),and the first finalist of National "Ten Thousand Talent Program" by Organization Department of CPC Central Committee.He is the expert group member (the 4th session) of the National Key Basic Research Program (" 973 "Program) by Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) in the field of Resource and Environment,and the coordinator of a National Key Research and Development Program of China: "Site Soil Pollution Formation and Treatment Technology (2018-2022)".He has served as an executive member of the Soil Science Society of China (SSSC) since 2012,the academic consultant of the Soil Remediation Committee,SSSC since 2014,and vice president of the International Phytotechnology Society since 2017.He also served as the chief scientist of the "973" Program (2002-2008) and the chief scientist of the "863" Major Program (2012-2017).He achieved the second prize of the Science and Technology Award of Jiangsu Province and the first prize of the 9th and 11th Science and Technology Award of SSSC (2014 and 2016).He was also awarded the Award of SSSC in 2012 and the Award of Excellent Teacher by CAS (2006 and 2016).E-mail:ymluo@yic.ac.cn
