雄安新区资源环境承载力评价和调控提升研究

Carrying Capacity of Resource and Environment of Xiongan New Area:Evaluation, Regulation, and Promotion

        “雄安新区资源环境承载力评价和调控提升研究”课题组(中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 北京 100101)

         雄安新区;资源环境承载力;资源环境压力;调控与提升对策

        Xiongan New Area;carrying capacity of resource and environment;pressure on resource and environment;countermeasures of regulation and promotion

        设立河北雄安新区，是以习近平同志为核心的党中央作出的重大历史性战略选择，是千年大计、国家大事。为支撑雄安新区规划建设，中科院地理科学与资源所"雄安新区资源环境承载力评价和调控提升研究"课题组，基于卫星与无人机遥感、定位观测及历史文献资料，从历史、现实、未来多个维度，开展了新区3县（雄县、安新、容城）资源环境承载力评价和调控提升研究。结果表明：（1）新区区位优势明显，土地资源丰富，但水资源短缺，地表水质污染较为严重，洪涝灾害风险较高，如维持现有的生产、生活、生态模式，新区3县资源环境承载力已接近自然上限。（2）人口与产业规模上升将显著加大新区资源环境压力，当人口规模达到500万时，城镇建设和产业用地需求分别为670和130平方公里，年用水11.6亿立方米，约一半建成区存在洪涝灾害风险。（3）实现新区建设目标，需科学调控、提升区域水资源和生态环境承载力，具体方向包括：人口规模控制在500万以内；多途径调水，适度控制湿地和森林面积；加大减排治污力度，提高生态环境质量；提高防洪标准，科学选址建设项目。

        The establishment of Xiongan New Area is a strategic choice and a long term planning made by the Central Committee with Xi Jinping as the core. To support planning and construction of Xiongan New Area, the project group from Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), made a study from the history, reality, and future perspectives, focusing on evaluation, regulation, and promotion of carrying capacity of resource and environment, based on the remote sensing data obtained from satellite and unmanned aircraft, fixed observation data, and historical documents. The results show that:(1) the New Area has an obvious location advantage, rich land resources, while there are some problems involving the shortage of water resources, serious pollution of surface water, high rate of flood disaster risk. The carrying capacity of resource and environment has reached the limit of the three counties, to maintain the present production mode and lifestyle. (2) The increase in population and industrial activities will impose greater pressure on resources and environment of the new area. When the population size touches 5 million, urban built-up areas and industrial land will be about 670 km² and 130 km², respectively, water consumption will reach 1 billion m³, and the traditional agricultural ecosystem will reduced by 90%. (3) To realize the development goal of the new area, it is necessary to increase carrying capacity of resource and environment through scientific regulation and management. The specific countermeasures include:population size should be less than 5 million; the areas of wetland and forest should be moderately controlled; water resources should be supplied by various channels; pollutant discharge should be effectively managed to improve the quality of the ecology and environment; and the location of construction projects should be rationally planned to improve flood control standard.