精准扶贫供给侧结构及其改革策略
Supply-side Structural Reform and Its Strategy for Targeted Poverty Alleviation in China
Supply-side Structural Reform and Its Strategy for Targeted Poverty Alleviation in China
作者
刘彦随(中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 北京 100101;中国科学院精准扶贫评估研究中心 北京 100101)
曹智(中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 北京 100101;中国科学院精准扶贫评估研究中心 北京 100101)
曹智(中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 北京 100101;中国科学院精准扶贫评估研究中心 北京 100101)
中文关键词
精准扶贫;供给侧结构性改革;扶贫成效;精准脱贫战略
英文关键词
targeted poverty alleviation;supply-side structural reform;poverty alleviation effect;strategy for poverty eradication
中文摘要
精准扶贫是新时期中国扶贫开发理论与模式的重大创新。扶贫是政府"扶"的供给侧和农户"贫"的需求侧的统一。加快精准扶贫供给侧结构性改革成为深入推进脱贫攻坚战略，全面提升精准扶贫成效的重要课题。从典型县实际情况来看，当前扶贫开发工作尚存在供给不足、供给无效、供给落后等实际问题。文章围绕精准扶贫供给侧结构性改革主题，从供需视角归纳了扶贫开发中面临的一些问题，系统构建了精准扶贫战略供给侧结构体系，提出了精准扶贫供给侧结构性改革策略。研究表明：（1）精准扶贫供给侧结构体系主要包括政策供给、要素供给、服务供给和产品供给4个层面；（2）不同层面的供给内容之间有着内在联系，呈现出"政策供给-服务和产品供给-要素供给-政策供给"的循环顺次关系；（3）精准扶贫供给侧结构性改革应立足于农村贫困化地域特征，因村因户帮扶、因人因贫施策。坚持科学性原则，遵循市场化规律，强化精准脱贫过程性管控，确保精准扶贫成效和实现可持续脱贫。
英文摘要
Targeted poverty alleviation is a great innovation of theory and mode of poverty alleviation and development in the new era in China. Poverty alleviation is the unification of the government's "supporting" supply-side and the farmers' "poor" demand-side. Accelerating supply-side structural reform of targeted poverty alleviation has become an important topic of advancing strategy for poverty alleviation program and upgrading effect of targeted poverty alleviation. According to the practical situation in typical counties, there is insufficient supply, ineffective supply, poor supply in the current work of poverty alleviation. Focused on supply-side structural reform of targeted poverty alleviation, this paper summed up difficulties in poverty alleviation from the perspective of relation between supply and demand, put forward supply-side structural system of targeted poverty alleviation, and proposed supply-side structural reform strategy for targeted poverty alleviation. Results show that the supply-side structural system of targeted poverty alleviation is mainly composed of four aspects:policy supply, factor supply, service supply, and product supply. The different levels of supply interconnect, and their precedence order is policy supply, service and product supply, factor supply, and policy supply. The supply-side structural reform of targeted poverty alleviation should consider poverty characteristics, marketization laws, and effectiveness of poverty alleviation, and strengthen the process control and achieve the sustainable poverty eradication.
DOI10.16418/j.issn.1000-3045.2017.10.003
作者简介
刘彦随 中科院精准扶贫评估研究中心主任,中科院地理资源所区域农业与农村发展研究中心主任、研究员,长江学者特聘教授,全国优秀科技工作者(2012)。现任国际地理联合会农业地理与土地工程委员会(IGU-AGLE)主席,中国城乡发展智库联盟理事长,中国地理学会农业地理与乡村发展专业委员会主任。主要研究领域为区域农业、土地利用、城乡发展与精准扶贫。主持国家重点研发计划项目、国家科技支撑计划重点项目、国家自然科学基金重点项目、国家社会科学基金重大项目等70余项。近5年来,担任项目专家组组长,主持完成"实施精准扶贫、精准脱贫"重大政策措施落实情况第三方评估、国家精准扶贫工作成效第三方评估、中国农村土地制度改革总体思路研究等多项国家任务。发表学术论文420余篇,其中Nature、Journal of Rural Studies等SCI/SSCI论文130余篇,出版著作16部;获省部级科技奖励一等奖5项、二等奖3项;撰写重要咨询报告16份,被中办、国办采用,并得到国家领导人重要批示。E-mail:liuys@igsnrr.ac.cn
Liu Yansui Director of Center for Assessment and Research on Targeted Poverty Alleviation,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS),Professor and Director of Center for Regional Agriculture and Rural Development at Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Yangtze River Scholar Distinguished Professor,and National Excellent Scientific Worker in 2012.He is currently chair of Commission on Agricultural Geography and Land Engineering,International Geographical Union (IGU),president of China Urban-Rural Development Think Tank Alliance,and director of Committee for Agricultural Geography and Rural Development,Geographical Society of China.His main research fields focus on regional agriculture,land use,rural-urban development,and targeted poverty alleviation.As the principal investigator,so far,he has undertaken 70 research projects sponsored by the National Key Research and Development Program of China,Key Projects in the National Science&Technology Pillar Program during the 12th Five-Year Plan period,Key Program of National Natural Sciences Foundation of China,and Key Program of National Social Science Foundation of China.Over the past five years,he also presided at the Thirdpart Assessment of State Council "Implementation of Taking the Targeted Poverty Alleviation Measures" delegated by General Office of the State Council,and the Overall Thinking on the Reform of Rural Land System in China delegated by the Office of Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC).He has published more than 420 peer-reviewed papers and 16 monographs,including over 130 SCI/SSCI indexed papers with journals such as Nature,Journal of Rural Studies,etc.,achieved 5 First Prizes and 3 Second Prizes of provincial science and technology awards,and submitted 16 important advisory reports to the General Office of the State Council and the Office of Central Committee of CPC and got the important instructions by the national leaders.E-mail:liuys@igsnrr.ac.cn
Liu Yansui Director of Center for Assessment and Research on Targeted Poverty Alleviation,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS),Professor and Director of Center for Regional Agriculture and Rural Development at Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Yangtze River Scholar Distinguished Professor,and National Excellent Scientific Worker in 2012.He is currently chair of Commission on Agricultural Geography and Land Engineering,International Geographical Union (IGU),president of China Urban-Rural Development Think Tank Alliance,and director of Committee for Agricultural Geography and Rural Development,Geographical Society of China.His main research fields focus on regional agriculture,land use,rural-urban development,and targeted poverty alleviation.As the principal investigator,so far,he has undertaken 70 research projects sponsored by the National Key Research and Development Program of China,Key Projects in the National Science&Technology Pillar Program during the 12th Five-Year Plan period,Key Program of National Natural Sciences Foundation of China,and Key Program of National Social Science Foundation of China.Over the past five years,he also presided at the Thirdpart Assessment of State Council "Implementation of Taking the Targeted Poverty Alleviation Measures" delegated by General Office of the State Council,and the Overall Thinking on the Reform of Rural Land System in China delegated by the Office of Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC).He has published more than 420 peer-reviewed papers and 16 monographs,including over 130 SCI/SSCI indexed papers with journals such as Nature,Journal of Rural Studies,etc.,achieved 5 First Prizes and 3 Second Prizes of provincial science and technology awards,and submitted 16 important advisory reports to the General Office of the State Council and the Office of Central Committee of CPC and got the important instructions by the national leaders.E-mail:liuys@igsnrr.ac.cn
