植物先天免疫研究现状与前景展望
Research Advances and Prospect for Plant Innate Immunity
Research Advances and Prospect for Plant Innate Immunity
作者
张杰(中国科学院微生物研究所 植物基因组学国家重点实验室 北京 100101)
刘俊(中国科学院微生物研究所 植物基因组学国家重点实验室 北京 100101)
秦君(中国科学院微生物研究所 植物基因组学国家重点实验室 北京 100101)
刘俊(中国科学院微生物研究所 植物基因组学国家重点实验室 北京 100101)
秦君(中国科学院微生物研究所 植物基因组学国家重点实验室 北京 100101)
中文关键词
植物病害;化学农药;植物免疫;微生物致病性
英文关键词
plant disease;chemical pesticides;plant immunity;microbial pathogenicity
中文摘要
因病原微生物侵染导致的植物病害对农作物的产量和质量造成了巨大损失，也对我国的粮食安全构成重大威胁。化学农药能够较有效地控制农作物病害，但其大量施用也给环境带来了巨大污染。植物和病原微生物在漫长的相互作用过程中形成了互相识别、共同进化的机制。深刻理解农作物与病原微生物间的识别与互作分子机制，可以加快农作物抗性品种分子育种，从而减少化学农药的施用。近十多年来，植物免疫识别和病原微生物致病性的分子机理研究取得了显著进展，并逐渐形成了植物与病原微生物分子互作的进化模型，这些成果为农作物的抗病性研究和病原微生物的致病功能解析奠定了基础，也为利用现代生物技术改良植物抗病性提供了新的策略和思路。文章综述了植物先天免疫研究的重要进展，并探讨了未来的重要研究方向。
英文摘要
Crop diseases cause serious yield loss and are threatening our food security. Although chemical pesticides contribute effectively to plant disease control, huge fertilizing amount led to substantial environmental pollution. During long-term interactions, plants and pathogenic microbes have developed diverse strategies to recognize and respond to each other. Understanding the interaction mechanisms will greatly improve molecular resistance breeding in crops, and thus contribute significantly to the decrement of chemical pesticides. Notably, great achievements have been made in elucidating the molecular mechanisms of plant immunity and microbial pathogenicity during the last decade, leading to the proposing of a few co-evolution models. These achievements enable novel strategies to tailor crops to be disease resistant by using bio-techniques. In this review, we highlight recent advancement of plant immunity, and suggest the directions for future research.
作者简介
张杰 中科院微生物所副研究员,青年研究组长。主要研究领域包括:植物识别病原分子模式激活免疫反应的分子机制;病原微生物抑制植物免疫激活的分子机理。E-mail:zhangjie@im.ac.cn
Zhang Jie Received B.S.from Wuhan University in 2002,and Ph.D.from Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) in 2007.From 2007 to 2008,he worked as a postdoctoral fellow at Baylor College of Medicine.During 2008 to 2011,he worked as research assisstant at National Institute of Biological Sciences,Beijing.He joined Institute of Microbiology,CAS in 2011 as a principle investigator.His current research engages in molecular mechanisms for the activation of plant innate immunity by MAMPs (microbe-associated molecular patterns),and the suppression of plant innate immunity by effectors from pathogenic microbes.E-mail:zhangjie@im.ac.cn
Zhang Jie Received B.S.from Wuhan University in 2002,and Ph.D.from Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) in 2007.From 2007 to 2008,he worked as a postdoctoral fellow at Baylor College of Medicine.During 2008 to 2011,he worked as research assisstant at National Institute of Biological Sciences,Beijing.He joined Institute of Microbiology,CAS in 2011 as a principle investigator.His current research engages in molecular mechanisms for the activation of plant innate immunity by MAMPs (microbe-associated molecular patterns),and the suppression of plant innate immunity by effectors from pathogenic microbes.E-mail:zhangjie@im.ac.cn
