我国空间治理体系现代化在“十九大”后的新态势

Perspective of China's Spatial Governance System after 19th CPC National Congress

        樊杰(中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 北京 100101;中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院 北京 100190;中国科学院大学资源与环境学院 北京 100049)

         十九大;空间治理;主体功能区;空间规划;生态文明

        19th CPC National Congress;spatial governance;major function oriented zones;spatial planning;ecological civilization

        “立法为本、规划先行”是空间治理体系现代化的核心内容，能否合理规制国土空间、建设美丽家园是衡量执政能力和水平的重要标志。“十九大”后，我国空间治理体系和空间治理能力将加快科学化、法制化、系统化、民主化的进程。主要表现在：主体功能区的基础性地位将趋于增强，主体功能区规划将扮演发展类规划和布局类规划旋转门的角色，主体功能区战略将成为指引我国国土空间有序发展的长期性和稳定性的重大战略，主体功能区制度将在生态文明建设中发挥基础性制度的作用；覆盖全国国土的空间规划体系将基本建成，通过全国、省、县为中国基本空间规划单元，以跨省级行政区、跨地市、跨市县域的区域规划为补充的空间规划体系，规范国家和地方不同空间尺度的国土资源合理配置、空间结构合理组织、区域政策合理实施；以国土空间开发保护制度为核心的生态文明制度得以确立，实施增强空间管制能力、提升科学管理水平、扩大资源承载能力、改善生态环境质量和增强市场作用力度等五大行动。

        "Legislation-based, planning-oriented" is the core of modernization of spatial governance system, and whether we can reasonably planning the territory space and build beautiful homeland is an important indication of governance capacity. After 19th CPC National Congress, there will be an accelerating process of science, legalization, systematization, and democratization on China's spatial governance system and its capacity, which will mainly display in the following respects. Firstly, the major function oriented zones will tend to enhance its fundamental position of spatial planning, the major function oriented zoning will play "revolving door" role between development-planning and layoutplanning, the major function oriented zoning strategy will be significant towards long-term and stable development of territory space, and the major function oriented zoning institution will play increasing fundamental role in ecological civilization. Secondly, a spatial planning system covering all around the territory space will be initially completed, which with nation, province, and county as its basic units, with regional planning cross provincial district, prefecture-level city, and county as supplementary, aiming at regulating allocation of territorial resources, organization of spatial structure, implementation of regional policy at national, regional, and different spatial level. Thirdly, a ecological civilization system, with development-protection institution of territory space as its core, will be established to implement "Five Actions" including enhancing the ability of space governance, enhancing scientific management level, expanding resources carrying capacity, improving the quality of ecological environment, and enhancing market dynamics.