水圈微生物重大研究计划:聚焦水圈微生物组研究的核心科学问题
Focusing on Key Scientific Issues of Microbiome Research in Hydrosphere: NSFC Major Research Plan for Microbes in Hydrosphere
Focusing on Key Scientific Issues of Microbiome Research in Hydrosphere: NSFC Major Research Plan for Microbes in Hydrosphere
作者
黄力(中国科学院微生物研究所 北京 100101)
冯雪莲(国家自然科学基金委员会 北京 100085)
杜全生(国家自然科学基金委员会 北京 100085)
东秀珠(中国科学院微生物研究所 北京 100101)
刘双江(中国科学院微生物研究所 北京 100101)
温明章(国家自然科学基金委员会 北京 100085)
戴欣(中国科学院微生物研究所 北京 100101)
冯雪莲(国家自然科学基金委员会 北京 100085)
杜全生(国家自然科学基金委员会 北京 100085)
东秀珠(中国科学院微生物研究所 北京 100101)
刘双江(中国科学院微生物研究所 北京 100101)
温明章(国家自然科学基金委员会 北京 100085)
戴欣(中国科学院微生物研究所 北京 100101)
中文关键词
国家自然科学基金重大研究计划;水圈微生物;微生物组;元素循环
英文关键词
the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) Initiative;microbes in hydrosphere;microbiomes;elemental cycling
中文摘要
水圈包括海洋、湖沼、河流、冰川、地下水等，水圈中居住着地球上一半以上的微生物，包括细菌、古菌、真菌、藻类、病毒等，蕴含着地球上最大的微生物组。已有的研究表明，水圈微生物在重要元素生物地球化学循环中发挥关键驱动作用。但是，人们对水圈微生物组的核心科学问题，即微生物如何发挥驱动作用至今了解不多。最近，国家自然科学基金委员会“水圈微生物驱动地球元素循环的机制”重大研究计划（简称“水圈微生物计划”）正式立项。该计划拟选择典型水圈环境，解析微生物群落构建及与环境之间的相互作用、微生物物质与能量代谢机制以及微生物代谢活动的生态学意义与贡献，从而揭示水圈微生物驱动碳、氮、硫等元素生物地球化学循环的机制。文章简述了该计划提出的背景与依据，以及涉及的主要科学问题和研究设想。
英文摘要
The hydrosphere includes oceans, lakes, rivers, glaciers, wetlands, groundwater, etc. It is home to over half of the microorganisms, such as bacteria, archaea, fungi, algae, viruses, on the Earth, and therefore harbors the largest environmental microbiome. Studies show that microorganisms in hydrosphere are the key drive in biogeochemical cycling of important elements on the Earth. Nevertheless, it remains to be fully understood as to how microorganisms serve the drive role (a key scientific issue of research on microbiome in hydrosphere). Recently, National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) launched a Major Research Initiative titled ‘Mechanisms Underlining Elemental Cycling on the Earth by Microorganisms in Hydrosphere’ or ‘Microbes in Hydrosphere’ in short. This Initiative calls for systematic investigation into microbial community structures and their interaction with the environments, mechanisms of microbial transformation of substances and energy, and the ecological functions and contributions of microbial activities in representative habitats in hydrosphere. The ultimate goal of the Initiative is to offer a clear view on the mechanisms underlining carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur cycling on the Earth by microorganisms in hydrosphere. This article briefly reviews the background, major scientific questions, and implementation plan of the Initiative.
DOI10.16418/j.issn.1000-3045.2017.03.007
作者简介
黄力,中科院微生物所研究员。1988年获加拿大Guelph大学博士学位;1988-1993年在美国Johns Hopkins大学从事博士后研究;1993-1996年在美国加州Pomona学院任生物系助理教授;1996年至今,在中国科学院微生物研究所工作。先后担任微生物资源前期开发国家重点实验室副主任(1996-2001年)、主任(2001-2008年),中科院微生物所常务副所长(2008-2010年)、所长(2010-2013年)。1999年获国家杰出青年基金,2006年作为学术带头人承担基金委创新群体科学基金项目。目前担任中国微生物学会副理事长,国家杰出青年科学基金评审委员会委员,国家自然科学基金委员会生命科学部专家咨询委员会委员。任极端微生物专业刊物Extremophiles执行编辑(Managing Editor)、《微生物学报》副主编、SCIENCE CHINA Life Sciences、Archaea和《中国生物化学与分子生物学报》编委。主要从事极端环境古菌遗传机制及环境适应机理研究,同时开展了热泉、大洋等环境微生物元基因组学研究。E-mail:huangl@sun.im.ac.cn
Huang Li Received his Ph.D.from the University of Guelph,Canada,in 1988.From 1988 to 1993,he worked as a postdoctoral fellow at the Johns Hopkins University,USA.From 1993 to 1996,he was assistant professor at Pomona College,USA.Since 1996,he has been on faculty at Institute of Microbiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS).He was promoted to the rank of full professorship in 1998.From 1996 to 2008,he was first deputy director and then director of the State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources.From 2008 to 2013,he served first as executive deputy director-general and later as director-general of the Institute of Microbiology,CAS.He was awarded the China National Fund for Distinguished Young Scientists in 1999,and was leading a research group supported by the Funds for Creative Research Groups of China from 2007 to 2012.He currently serves as vice president of Chinese Society for Microbiology,member of the advisory committee of the Division of Life Sciences of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) and member of the review committee of the China National Fund for Distinguished Young Scientists.He also serves as managing editor of Extremophiles,associated editor of Acta Microbiologica Sinica,board member of SCIENCE CHINA Life Sciences,Archaea and Chinese Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.His research interests include genetic mechanisms in Archaea and environmental adaptation of Archaea as well as microbial resources in oceans and hot springs.E-mail:huangl@sun.im.ac.cn
Huang Li Received his Ph.D.from the University of Guelph,Canada,in 1988.From 1988 to 1993,he worked as a postdoctoral fellow at the Johns Hopkins University,USA.From 1993 to 1996,he was assistant professor at Pomona College,USA.Since 1996,he has been on faculty at Institute of Microbiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS).He was promoted to the rank of full professorship in 1998.From 1996 to 2008,he was first deputy director and then director of the State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources.From 2008 to 2013,he served first as executive deputy director-general and later as director-general of the Institute of Microbiology,CAS.He was awarded the China National Fund for Distinguished Young Scientists in 1999,and was leading a research group supported by the Funds for Creative Research Groups of China from 2007 to 2012.He currently serves as vice president of Chinese Society for Microbiology,member of the advisory committee of the Division of Life Sciences of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) and member of the review committee of the China National Fund for Distinguished Young Scientists.He also serves as managing editor of Extremophiles,associated editor of Acta Microbiologica Sinica,board member of SCIENCE CHINA Life Sciences,Archaea and Chinese Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.His research interests include genetic mechanisms in Archaea and environmental adaptation of Archaea as well as microbial resources in oceans and hot springs.E-mail:huangl@sun.im.ac.cn
