基于空间信息认知人口密度分界线——“胡焕庸线”

Cognizing Population Density Demarcative Line (Hu Huanyong-Line) Based on Space Technology

        郭华东(中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 北京 100094)
        王心源(中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 北京 100094)
        吴炳方(中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 北京 100094)
        李新武(中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 北京 100094)

         胡焕庸线;空间信息;新能源;水资源;生态环境;一带一路;新型城镇化

        Hu Huanyong-Line;spatial information;new energy;water resource;ecological environment;belt and road;new type of urbanization

        “胡焕庸线”是我国自黑龙江瑷珲至云南腾冲呈北东—南西走向延伸的人口密度分界线，其形成和发展与自然条件诸如地形、地貌、气候、水文等要素密切相关，更与社会、经济及人类活动相关。面向中国的经济与社会可持续发展，李克强总理提出了“胡焕庸线”“该不该破?能不能破?如何破?”三大问题。文章基于空间信息和相关时空数据的综合分析，通过典型地区的实地调查，提出了“胡焕庸线”应该破及其依据、“胡焕庸线”可以破及其理由、破解“胡焕庸线”的科学思路3点认识。在此基础上，进一步提出了破解“胡焕庸线”的4点建议，即：（1）多方并举提高西部水资源承载力，“三业”联动铸就西部大发展新模式；（2）打造中国绿色新能源基地，构建耗能密集-节水型高新技术产业；（3）“群”“带”结合走西部城镇化之路，挖潜革新促东西部均衡发展；（4）打造以人为本环境吸引各路人才，构建利益均沾机制保障创新供给。

        The "Hu Huanyong-Line", dividing population density of China with the "Aihui-Tengchong" line, was proposed by the Chinese geographer Professor Hu Huanyong to mark the demarcation line. The formation and development of the Line is closely related to the natural condition such as the topography, geomorphology, climate, and water resources, as well as the social, economic, and human activities. Facing with the sustainable development of China's economy and society, Premier Li Keqiang put forward three questions about the "Hu HuanyongLine". "Should we break the line?" "Can we do?" And "How to do?" Based on the comprehensive analysis of the spatial information and relevant spatio-temporal data, and the field survey on typical regions, this paper proposes three main points about the "Hu Huanyong-Line":the basis why the Line should be broken; the reasons why the Line can be broken; and the scientific approaches to breaking the Line. And, the paper further pointed out four suggestions to break the "Hu Huanyong-Line". They are respectively:improving the carrying capacity of water resources of the western China and developing new patterns of linkage to ecosystem industries; building up a green energy base in China and setting up the energy-intensive and water-saving high-tech industries; promoting the urbanization in the western China and ensuring a balanced development of the east and the west of China; and creating the people-oriented environment to attract experts in various fields, and constructing an equal benefit mechanism to guarantee the innovation supply.