近海生态安全与未来海洋生态系统管理

Ecological Security of Coastal Ocean and Future Marine Ecosystem Management Strategies

        孙晓霞(中国科学院海洋研究所 青岛 266071;中国科学院大学 北京 100049)
        于仁成(中国科学院海洋研究所 青岛 266071;中国科学院大学 北京 100049)
        胡仔园(中国科学院海洋研究所 青岛 266071)

         近海;生态安全;海洋生态系统评估;管理

        coastal ocean;ecological security;marine ecosystem assessment;management

        近海是全球海洋中最为敏感也最受关注的区域，为人类社会的存在和发展提供了重要的物质资源支撑和空间环境保障。随着对近海生态系统功能、服务和价值的认识不断深入，以及近期人类活动与气候变化等多重因素胁迫下近海生态系统的显著变化，近海生态系统健康和生态安全问题开始受到高度关注。但是，目前对近海生态安全问题的认识仍不够充分，也缺少系统的评估工作，需要着手发展海洋生态系统的长期观测与信息获取能力，开展近海生态系统健康评估与变化预测，为推进基于海洋生态系统的管理提供科学支撑。

        The coastal ocean, which offers substantial support and important space for the sustainable development of human society, is subject to multiple stressors including anthropogenic activities and climate changes, and the potential consequences of growing human pressures on marine ecosystems attract much attention. In line with the recognition on structures, functions, and services of coastal ecosystems, as well as the significant changes of coastal ecosystems recently occurred under multiple depressors, issues on the health of coastal ecosystems and ecological security became hot spots in marine studies. The knowledge on ecological security of coastal ecosystems, however, is still quite limited, and hampered by the lack of methodologies on coastal ecosystem assessment. It is suggested to develop capabilities on long-term observation and information collection concerning marine ecosystems, and to perform assessment on the status of coastal ecosystems, which will offer sound basis for the implementation of marine ecosystem-based management.