发展下一代高能量密度动力锂电池——变革性纳米产业制造技术聚焦长续航动力锂电池项目研究进展

Development of Next Generation of High Energy Density Lithium Batteries for Electric Vehicle

        李泓(中国科学院物理研究所长续航动力锂电池项目组 北京 100190)
        郑杰允(中国科学院物理研究所长续航动力锂电池项目组 北京 100190)

         动力锂电池;高能量密度;中国科学院战略性先导科技专项

        lithium batteries for EV;high energy density;CAS Strategic Priority Research Program

        提高动力电池能量密度将延长电动汽车续航里程，对发展电动汽车技术具有重要意义。中科院在2013年底部署了战略性纳米产业制造技术聚焦战略性先导科技专项，旨在集中中科院优势单位，通过纳米技术研发与突破，积极探索第三代锂离子电池、固态锂电池、锂-硫电池和锂-空气电池等电池体系。文章分析了动力锂电池研究领域的国家需求，概述了国内外动力锂电池的研发现状，同时介绍了“长续航动力锂电池”项目的技术进展情况与管理实施情况。

        Increasing energy density of battery will dramatically extend the driving range of electric vehicles. Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) launched the "Strategic Priority Research Program of Industrial Nano-manufacturing Focus" at the November 15, 2013. In this program, the 3rd generation lithium-ion battery, solid-state metallic lithium battery, lithium-sulphur battery, and lithium-air battery have been investigated. This paper briefly introduces implementation process of this program. As the progress of this program, the CAS research group has carried out a number of achievements, including but not limit to:The mass and volume energy density of 24 Ah Li-ion single cell, with nano-silicon carbon material as negative electrode and lithium-rich material as positive electrode, is achieved as 374 Wh/kg and 577 Wh/L, respectively. The energy density of 8 Ah solid lithium battery using the polymer solid electrolyte at 60℃ is 240 Wh/kg, while the energy density of solid-state lithium battery based on the inorganic ceramic solid electrolyte is also 240 Wh/kg. The energy density of 37 Ah lithiumsulphur battery reaches 566 Wh/kg at room temperature and 616 Wh/kg at 50℃. The energy density of 5 Ah lithium-air battery is 526 Wh/kg. We also introduce a competitive project management method which has been successfully operated from 2014. In addition, this paper outlines the domestic and international status of lithium batteries, analyzes the national strategic demands of the lithium batteries research field in China.