类脑计算芯片与类脑智能机器人发展现状与思考

Current Status and Consideration on Brain-like Computing Chip and Brain-like Intelligent Robot

        陶建华(中国科学院自动化研究所 北京 100190;中国科学院脑科学与智能技术卓越创新中心 上海 200031)
        陈云霁(中国科学院计算技术研究所 北京 100190;中国科学院脑科学与智能技术卓越创新中心 上海 200031)

         类脑计算芯片;类脑智能机器人;人机协同;智能生长

        brain inspired chip;brain inspired robot;human machine collaboration;intelligence growing

        类脑智能是以计算建模为手段，受脑神经和人类认知行为机制启发，并通过软硬件协同实现的机器智能。类脑器件以及类脑机器人分别作为类脑智能研究的重要内容，其在类脑研究领域受到国内外学者的广泛关注。文章首先分析了类脑器件与计算系统中的类脑芯片和类脑机器人的发展现状和应用前景，重点探讨了类脑芯片在模拟人脑神经元模型和认知计算方面，以及类脑机器人在感知控制和智能生长方面的研究内容。然后，文章介绍了在中科院先导专项支持下，我国在这一方面的初步研究进展以及未来发展方向。最后，针对现有研究中遇到的问题，文章对类脑计算芯片与类脑智能机器人的进一步研究提出了建议，并指出未来研究在仿人运动模型、类人神经运动控制、人机协同的智能机器人控制等方面有望取得重大突破。

        Brain inspired Intelligence has received more and more attention in artificial intelligence area in recent years. The paper focuses on the research activities on the brain-inspired chips and brain inspired robot (or named as human like robot) which are important parts of brain inspired Intelligence and have played the important roles for recent research of artificial neural network modeling, cognitive computing and perceptual controlling system. The paper also introduces the preliminary achievements of these two technologies within the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Furthermore, the paper gives some analysis and suggestions for the future research on brain-inspired chips and brain inspired robot.