“一带一路”交通运输业格局及对策

Transportation Industry Patterns and Strategy of the Belt and Road

        董锁成(中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 北京 100101)
        程昊(中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 北京 100101;中国科学院大学 北京 100049)
        郭鹏(国家旅游局信息中心 北京 100740)
        李富佳(中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 北京 100101)
        李宇(中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 北京 100101)
        李泽红(中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 北京 100101)
        张晓晓(陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院 西安 710062)

         一带一路;交通运输业;发展格局;发展战略;发展对策

        the Belt and Road;transportation industry;development patterns;development strategy;development measures

        交通运输是塑造经济空间格局以及主导经济空间格局演化的重要力量。构建"一带一路"的交通运输体系是"一带一路"战略实施的先决条件和重要基础,是沿线各国设施联通、贸易畅通、民心相通必不可少的纽带和桥梁,更是必须重点突破的优先战略任务。文章通过对现有文献及数据的分析,研究了"一带一路"交通运输业发展格局,发现"一带一路"中部国家交通运输基础设施较为完善,现代化快速交通发展滞后,交通运输业贸易地区发展不平衡,发达国家优势明显,发展中国家发展迅速。进而提出了我国针对"一带一路"沿线国家的交通运输业发展战略,即率先加强同中亚国家间的道路连接,强化"海上丝绸之路"点轴建设。最后提出了"一带一路"交通运输业发展对策,即创新合作机制、建立合作平台、发挥民航运输的先锋作用、将高铁建设作为突破口、打通国际物流通道、建立国际物流体系、成立国际物流协会、确立国际物流标准、构建国际物流信息网络。文章以国际的视野、科学的分析助力国家的顶层战略,所得结论将为"一带一路"建设提供理论依据及战略咨询。

        Transportation is the dominant force to shape and change economic spatial patterns. Construction the transportation system of "the Belt and Road" is not only the condition and basis for the implementation of "the Belt and Road Initiative", but also the essential links and bridges of facilities connectivity, unimpeded trade and people-to-people bonds, and priority strategic task must be focused on breakthrough. In this research, through the study of existing literature and data, the author built the transportation patterns of "the Belt and Road", revealed that among the infrastructure constructions of central states along "the Belt and Road" were perfect, modern rapid transit developed low, and the trade development of transportation industry was not balanced, the developed countries had obvious advantages, and the developing countries were developing rapidly. Then the author put forward the transportation strategy of "the Belt and Road", which were that China should strengthen the road connection with the Central Asian countries, and enhance the points and aisles construction of the Maritime Silk Road. Finally, the author established the transportation measures of "the Belt and Road", which were that China should innovate cooperation mechanism, establish cooperation platforms, play a vanguard role of the civil aviation, set high-speed rail construction as the breakthrough point, get through international logistics corridor, establish international logistics system, set up International Logistics Association, confirm international standards of logistics, construct international logistics information network, and so on. This research took the international perspective and scientific analysis to support "the Belt and Road Initiative", and the conclusions will provide theoretical basis and strategic support for the construction of "the Belt and Road".