“丝绸之路经济带”干旱-半干旱区生态环境全球变化响应的空间认知

Space Recognition of Eco-environment Global Change Response of Arid and Semi-arid Region of the Silk Road Economic Belt

        李新武(中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 北京 100094)
        张丽(中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 北京 100094)
        郭华东(中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 北京 100094)
        傅文学(中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 北京 100094)
        鹿琳琳(中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 北京 100094)
        邱玉宝(中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 北京 100094)
        王心源(中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所 北京 100094)
        贾根锁(中国科学院大气物理研究所 北京 100029)

         "丝绸之路经济带";空间观测;生态环境;全球变化响应;空间认知

        the Silk Road Economic Belt;Earth observation;eco-environmental;global change response;space recognition

        在高强度人类活动和全球变化的影响下,"丝绸之路经济带"的资源环境面临严峻问题与挑战。地处"丝绸之路经济带"核心区的中亚地区的生态环境退化已经上升为全球干旱地区生态环境问题突出地区之一,严重制约了中亚及周边国家的经济与社会发展。文章针对"丝绸之路经济带"核心区的中国新疆、中亚地区及周边区域的典型生态环境要素:植被要素和水资源要素,基于长时间序列的卫星遥感数据,研究和分析了其参数时空演进格局及对气候变化的响应。研究结果表明,中亚地区近几十年的生态环境总体上呈现退化趋势,具体表现为水储量减少、湖泊面积萎缩、地表土壤水分减少和植被退化等。

        Under the influence of intensive human activities and global change, the resources and environment of the Silk Road Economic Belt are facing the severe issues and challenges. As a core area of the Silk Road Economic Belt, Central Asia and its surrounding area is well known for its ecological environment degradation in arid and semi-arid regions all over the world. The ecological environment degradation seriously restricted the economic and social development in Central Asia and its neighboring countries. In this study, aimed at the typical factors of ecological environment in Xinjiang of China, Central Asia and its surrounding area, such as climate, vegetation, and water, the spatial and temporal variation of these typical factors and its responses to global change were studied and analyzed based on the long time series of satellite remote sensing data. The results indicated that, in Central Asia and its surrounding area, ecological environment changes presented a trend of deterioration in recent decades, specifically by water storage reduction, lake area shrink, soil moisture decreasing, vegetation degradation, etc.