国际地球科学发展现状与中国影响力分析

Analysis on International Development Status and China's Influence of Geoscience Researches

        张志强(中国科学院成都文献情报中心 成都 610041;中国科学院兰州文献情报中心 兰州 730000)
        王雪梅(中国科学院兰州文献情报中心 兰州 730000;西南大学图书馆 重庆 400715)
        段晓男(中国科学院前沿科学与教育局 北京 100864)

         地球科学;发展态势;文献计量;引文分析;中国研究影响力

        geosciences;development status;bibliometrics;citation analysis;research influence of China

        基于汤森路透(Thomson Reuters)的基本科学指标(ESI)和科学引文索引扩展(SCIE)文献数据统计,分析了近10年主要国家和研究机构在地球科学领域的论文产出及其研究影响力、研究热点方向等,并重点分析了中国在该领域的研究影响力。分析结果表明,在国际地球科学研究领域,美国的论文数量最多,英国和美国的论文影响力较高,日本各方面接近平均水平,俄罗斯有关地球科学研究的论文占其本国科研论文的比例高于其他国家,新兴经济体国家普遍重视地球科学研究,但论文的国际影响力总体还偏弱。中国的地球科学研究近年来发展迅速,相关研究成果及其影响力在新兴经济体国家中表现突出,但在国际合作和高影响力论文产出方面与发达国家相比尚有一定差距。

        Using the bibliometric methods, this article comprehensively analyzed international development status and China's influence in geoscience researches based on the literature and citation database indexed from the Essential Science Indicators(ESI)and Science Citation Index Expanded(SCIE)of the Thomson Reuters. The study focused on the paper outputs, their research hotspots of main countries and research institutions. The results indicate that USA has the maximum paper outputs. UK has the highest citation influences. Japan is close to the average levels in many aspects. Russia has higher percentage of the geoscience researches in its country. The emerging economy countries generally pay more attentions on the development of the geoscience researches, but the international influences are still relatively weak. The internal relative influences of these nations, which is the ratio of the average citation per paper of the geoscience to that of all disciplines, were differences. Some developed countries such as France and UK have the slightly bigger or similar values of the internal relative influences. Some emerging economy countries such as Brazil, South China have higher values of the internal relative influences. On the other hand, Russia and India have lower values of the internal relative influences in geosciences. China has the rapid increasing tendency on the academic achievements of the geoscience in the 21st century. The Chinese papers of the geoscience researches published in the journals have also visibly increasing tendency. The total cited times are beginning to exceed some developed countries such as UK and Germany recently. But the average citation per paper would still have obvious disparity for the foreseeable future between China and some developed countries such as USA, Germany. The paper numbers of the Chinese geology research quickly since 2007 and are close to the USA level since 2010. The atmospheric science has the highest increasing speed on the research papers the average annual growth rate has reached about the paper number the second since 2010. The paper number of the geochemical and geophysical sciences the second position since 2009 in the world. The paper number of the oceanography the second position since 2012 and that of the physical geography the second position since 2013. However, there are wide disparity of the paper numbers of these subjects between China and USA, especially in atmospheric science and oceanography. In addition, the average cited times per paper and the ratio of the highly cited papers are also obviously lower than those of the main developed countries. The Chinese research personnel of the geology about 2/3 of the USA numbers. The groups of the other subjects in geosciences are about 1/3 of the USA numbers. For the number of the top 200 authors with more papers, China only ranks first in geology and USA ranks first in the other subjects. China ranks second in atmospheric science, fourth in geochemistry & geophysics and physical geography, and ninth in oceanography. China has got outstanding achievements in geosciences, such as North China Craton, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Asian monsoon. Generally, China has the rapid development tendency in geoscience China's correlative research results and their influence outstanding in the emerging economy countries. But there is still a certain gap of the international cooperation and high-impact result output compared to some developed countries. We need to promote our high-level paper output of the geoscience researches in the future. Therefore, China should continue to improve the scientific evaluation mechanisms to foster more innovative and excellent research personnel to promote higher quality scientific research output.