高等级生物安全实验室与生物安全

High-level Biosafety Laboratory and Biosafety

        梁慧刚(中国科学院武汉文献情报中心 武汉 430071)
        黄翠(中国科学院武汉文献情报中心 武汉 430071)
        马海霞(中国科学院武汉病毒研究所 武汉 430071)
        袁志明(中国科学院武汉病毒研究所 武汉 430071)

         高等级;生物安全;实验室

        high-level;biosafety;laboratories

        生物安全实验室是开展生物安全相关研究的基础设施和重要平台,高等级生物安全实验室是指生物安全防护等级为三级和四级的实验室,一般用于开展烈性传染病相关研究。文章研究了国内外高等级生物安全实验室的发展历史与现状,梳理了高等级生物安全实验室在传染病预防和控制、生物防范和极端微生物研究等方面所发挥的重要作用,分析了我国高等级生物安全实验室建设与管理方面存在的问题,提出了加强建设力度、完善管理体制、强化运行保障、优化人才队伍等针对性建议。

        Biosafety laboratory is an important infrastructure and platform carrying out the research related to biosafety. Fulminating infectious diseases are researched in high-level biosafety laboratories, including biosafety level 3 and level 4 laboratories. In this paper, the development history and current situation of domestic and foreign high-level biosafety laboratories was studied, the important role of high-level biosafety laboratories in disease prevention and control, biological defense, extremophiles research, and other aspects was summarized, and the problems existing in high-level biosafety laboratory construction and management were analyzed. Finally, the specific recommendations were proposed to strengthen the construction, improve the management system, reinforce the security operation, and optimize the talent team.