中国稻田温室气体的排放与减排

Emission and Mitigation of Greenhouse Gas from Paddy Fields in China

        颜晓元(中国科学院南京土壤研究所 南京 210008)
        夏龙龙(中国科学院南京土壤研究所 南京 210008)

         稻田;温室气体;甲烷(CH₄);氧化亚氮(N₂O);减排措施

        paddy field;greenhouse gas;methane;nitrous oxide;mitigation options

        中国是世界上最大的水稻生产国, 水稻种植面积占全球总种植面积的30%。水稻生产在粮食安全方面起着重要的作用, 稻田却是温室气体甲烷(CH₄)和氧化亚氮(N₂O)的重要排放源。文章综述了稻田CH₄和N₂O的产生过程、影响因素及时空变异规律, 总结了近年来我国稻田CH₄和N₂O排放总量的估算结果, 并提出了针对性的温室气体减排措施。

        China is the largest rice-producing country in the world, with the area of rice field accounting for about 30% of world total. While crucial for food security, rice production is a large source of greenhouse gases, known as methane(CH₄)and nitrous oxide(N₂O). This paper reviews the processes of CH₄ and N₂O emission from rice paddies, their influencing factors, and the temporal and spatial variations of these greenhouse gases. It also summarizes the various estimates of CH₄ and N₂O emission from China's paddy fiels,, and proposes mitigation options.