中国土壤化学发展现状与展望

Development and Perspective of Soil Chemistry Science in China

        徐建明(淅江大学环境与资源学院 杭州 310058)
        何艳(淅江大学环境与资源学院 杭州 310058)
        许佰乐(淅江大学环境与资源学院 杭州 310058)

         土壤化学;地球关键带;肥力提升;污染控制;全球变化

        soil chemistry;earth's critical zone;fertility improvement;pollution control;global change

        文章总结讨论了近年来我国土壤化学学科的研究特点、现状及进展, 并据此对该领域的未来研究趋势及重点发展方向作概括性展望。综合分析认为, 对土壤进行宏观调控要以对土壤微观机理的认识为前提。随着"地球关键带"的概念被提出后, 基于原子、分子尺度对土壤微观性质的原位观测及认识的飞跃是最近10 年来土壤化学研究领域迅速发展的基础；现代土壤学与生物学、环境科学、化学以及地质学等多学科的交叉与渗透, 特别是与生物学的融合, 促使土壤化学再次实现了跨越式的发展, 一些地球关键带中新的土壤化学理论正在逐渐成形并趋于完善。

        In 2015, the International Year of Soils(IYS), a historical review on soil chemistry research provides scientific basis for the long-term development of soil science in the new era. Based on the literature review of the characteristics, current status, and advances of recent studies in soil chemistry science. It also provides prospects on the future development trends in this area and priorities. The conclustion is that macro-monitoring on soil needs to be based on the understanding of soil microscopic mechanism. After the concept of"earth's critical zone"was raised, the great progress made in understanding in-situ observation at atom and molecular scale, lays the foundation for the rapid development in soil chemistry research in the most recent decade. The cross-disciplinary integration between soil science and biology, environmental science, chemistry, geology,etc., especially biology, further developed and expanded the academic field of traditional soil chemistry, facilitating the formation and development of new theories in the earth's critical zone.