基于文献计量分析的近30年国内外土壤科学发展过程解析(1986—2014年)

A Bibliometric Analysis of Soil Science in the Past 30 Years(1986—2014)

        宋长青(国家自然科学基金委员会地球科学部 北京 100085)
        谭文峰(华中农业大学资源与环境学院 武汉 430070)

         文献计量学;土壤过程;陆地表层系统变化过程与机理;驱动力

        database;bibliometric;soil processes;driving force

        借助Web of Science 和CNKI数据库, 利用文献计量学方法定量分析了1986—2014 年近30 年来国内外发表的土壤科学文献, 研究了土壤科学不同时期(1986—1995 年、1996—2005 年、2006—2014 年)发展与演变过程, 对比了国内外土壤科学发展的异同点。早期的国际土壤科学是以土壤肥力主导的农田土壤学研究, 逐渐转向关注以生态环境为核心的问题导向研究, 以及强调土壤生物驱动的土壤过程研究；而我国土壤科学研究更注重区域特色, 以地力提升、土壤侵蚀与水土保持、土壤污染与修复等问题导向更加明确, 发展过程中学科间的交叉与融合不断增强。文章期望以文献计量学的分析方法客观评价土壤科学发展的脉络, 把握学科发展前沿, 提升土壤科学研究的创新能力, 从而推动我国土壤科学的发展。

        Based on the Web of Science and CNKI(China National Knowledge Infrastructure)database, bibliometrics were used to quantitatively analyze the historical advances of soil science in the last 30 years. The newly developed information visualization technology——Cite Space and Thomson Data Analyzer(TDA)conducted the research focus and fronts of soil science during three periods(1986—1995, 1996—2005, 2006—2014) using 57495 and 350265 references in the domestic and international studies, respectively. Similarities and differences of soil science during different periods between domestic and international studies were compared according to the cluster analysis. At an earlier stage, international studies on soil science focused on agriculture soil studies with a priority on soil fertility. The studies then transfer to the ecological environmental investigations, with an emphasis on the soil key processes driven by the soil microbes. Meanwhile, the research of regional soil was the distinct characteristic of China's soil science. Most of these investigations focus on the increase of soil productivity, soil erosion and water conservation, soil contamination and remediation, which significantly demonstrated a continuously strengthened research progress and development trend of the intersection and the fusion among different subjects. The bibliometric analysis aims to provide an objective review of the soil science development process, promotes innovation and hence push for the development of soil science in China.