土壤安全的概念与我国的战略对策

Concept of Soil Security and Its Application in China

        沈仁芳(中国科学院南京土壤研究所 南京 210008)
        滕应(中国科学院南京土壤研究所 南京 210008)

         土壤安全;土壤资源;土壤管理;战略对策

        soil security;soil resources;soil management;strategic countermeasure

        土壤安全是基于社会可持续发展为目标的一种土壤系统认知, 关系到与粮食、纤维和淡水等相关的全球土壤资源利用与保育。土壤对粮食安全、水安全、能源可持续性、气候稳定性、生物多样性及生态系统服务等方面具有十分重要的作用, 这些土壤相关问题受到国际社会高度关注。土壤安全也是一个多属性多指标的概念, 不仅具有自然属性(包括土壤物理、化学、生物学过程变化), 而且具有社会属性(包括经济、社会、政策等)。文章在充分认知土壤安全概念以及分析我国土壤安全重要性的基础上, 进一步提出了我国土壤安全的宏观战略对策。

        Soil security is a comprehensive concept of soil motivated by sustainable development, which is concerned with the maintenance and improvement of the global soil resource to produce food, fibre, freshwater, and so on. Security is used here for soil in the same sense that it is used widely for food and water. Soil plays an important role in the global environmental sustainability challenges of food security, water security, energy sustainability, climate stability, biodiversity, and ecosystem service delivery. These issues related to soil should be highlighted. The concept of soil security is multidimensional. Soil not only has natural property (including soil physical, chemical, and biological processes change), but also has social attributes (including economic, social, policy, etc.). Based on cognitive adequately soil security concepts, and analyzed the threats and the importance of soil security in China, we further put forward the strategic countermeasure of soil security in China.