世界互联中的创业生态系统

Entrepreneurial Ecosystem in the Ubiquitous Internet

        赵夫增(中国科学院科技政策与管理科学研究所 北京100190)
        王胜光(中国科学院科技政策与管理科学研究所 北京100190)

         互联网;创业生态系统;世界互联;在线平台;精益创业

        internet;entrepreneurial ecosystem;ubiquitous internet;online platform;leap start-up

        文章在创业生态系统的概念基础上,重点研究了世界互联中的创业生态系统.创业生态系统驱动了世界互联进程,互联网也结构性地改变了创业生态系统.在线平台是这一变革的核心,它改变了创业企业与要素、用户以及创业企业之间的关系.首先是在线要素平台,针对各种创业要素均有在线平台,这些平台使得创业企业能够打破地理空间限制,开放利用各种要素资源;其次是在线市场平台,多种形式的在线平台为创业企业的需求反馈和创新迭代提供了技术可能,促成了精益创业模式;第三是在线开放平台,平台开放政策对于成长壮大的互联网企业和“互联网基因”企业来说具有普遍性,而在线开放平台能够打开应用创业空间,以平台为核心形成共生的创业群落.创业生态系统变革主要发生于在线空间,但它同时也在实体创业空间产生变革.

        Based on the concepts of Entrepreneurship and Entrepreneurial Ecosystem, the paper focuses on Entrepreneurial Ecosystem in the Ubiquitous Internet. Entrepreneurial Ecosystem drive the acceleration of the Ubiquitous Internet, while Internet changes Entrepreneurial Ecosystem structurally. Online Platforms play the central role in this revolution because they have changed the relationship between elements and start-ups, between users and start-ups and among start-ups. Firstly, online platforms enable start-ups to break geographical restrictions and have access to elements and resources. Secondly, online platforms create online markets that are capable of providing user feedback and iterative innovation, henceforth have given rise to the Leap Start-up model. Thirdly, open platform policy is universal for the leading Internet firms and the so-called“Internet DNA”firms. Open online platform means entrepreneurial space for applications which constitute a symbiotic entrepreneurial community around the platform. The revolution of Entrepreneurial Ecosystem occurs primarily on line, while it has been changing the related entities offline simultaneously.