中国市场定义产品的时代和技术赶超——二论中国自主创新的战略问题

Era of Products Defined by China’s Market and Technological Catching-up

        赵夫增,王旭琰(中国科学院科技政策与管理科学研究所北京100190)

         市场定义产品，大市场，领先市场，中国市场，技术赶超

        product defined by market, big market, lead market, China’s market, technological catching-up

        市场需求最终决定技术创新方向，据此提出市场定义产品的概念。世界市场在表现一体化趋势的同时，也呈现异质性格局，突出表现为不同国家市场的差异。大市场还是小市场,领先市场还是跟随市场，是决定一国市场重要性的两个主要方面。当兼具大市场和领先市场的特征时，一国市场就能定义有关产品创新方向。中国正在迅速成为大市场，并存在成为领先市场的持久趋势，因此中国市场定义产品的时代正在到来。国内市场是中国企业实现技术赶超，进而形成创新竞争力和争夺产业主导权的战略依托。着眼于技术赶超目标，中国企业需要立足国内市场，面向全球市场,实施开放创新战略。建立包括技术吸收能力在内的基础能力是实施这一战略的前提。

        Product defined by market means market demand leads technological innovation. World market is not flat, which manifests itself especially in the differences among countries. Big market or small market and lead market or follower market are two main aspects which determine the importance of a country’s market.China’s market is becoming a big market rapidly and a lead market increasingly. On account of this, one can say that the era of products-defined-by-China’s-market is coming. Domestic market supports Chinese firms in technological catching-up, improving competitive edge, and scrambling for industrial dominance. Established in domestic market, Chinese firms need to implement open innovation strategy worldwide, the premise of which is to build basic capabilities including but not limited to technological absorptive capacity.