我国草原鼠害的严重性及防治对策

Grassland Rodent Damage and Management Strategy

        张知彬(中国科学院动物研究所 北京100080)

         草原鼠害;生态环境;综合防治;西部开发

        rodent pest;grassland;ecological environment;integrated pest management;extension to west

        当前,我国草原鼠害十分严重,已成为引发草原退化、沙化、水土流失的重要因素,并严重威胁着我国畜牧业可持续发展、草原生物多样性保护、草原生态环境建设以及人民身体健康。文章阐述了我国草原鼠害的严重性、防治现状与问题,建议:重新审视草原功能定位,全面调整“鼠-畜-草”三者关系;加大对“水源地”、“沙源地”、“疫源地”草原鼠害的治理力度,遏制生态环境恶化的势头;加大科研投入,全面提升草原鼠害防治水平。

        The rodent infestation in grassland of China is becoming more serious. It has become an important causative factor in grassland degradation, desertification, soil erosion, which is threatening the sustainable development of animal husbandry, biodiversity conservation, ecological construction and human health. In this paper, we suggest that, to re-define the function of grassland; to adjust the interactions among rodent, live stock and grass; to focus on rodent management in grasslands where the three rivers origin, where sandy storm occur, and where epidemic disease outbreak, and then to reduce the worsing rodent damage to grassland; to invest more for scientific research and promote the level of rodent management.