李云逸.法国核开发与对中国尖端科技发展的认知（1950—1970年）[J].中国科学院院刊,2025,40(Z2):172-181.

法国核开发与对中国尖端科技发展的认知（1950—1970年）

French nuclear development and perceptions of China’s cutting-edge science and technology development (1950-1970)

李云逸
中国科学院自然科学史研究所 北京 100190
LI Yunyi
Institute for the History of Natural Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China

         法国;中国;核开发;尖端科技发展;中法关系

        French;China;nuclear development;cutting-edge science and technology development;Sino-French relations

        2024年是中法建交60周年。因1964年中国在尖端科技领域发展上的里程碑式事件，同年的中法建交也因此被称为新中国在外交领域的“核爆炸”。法国在第二次世界大战之后力图通过核科技研究的独立自主实现大国地位的恢复，并挑战美苏两个超级大国在冷战期间对该领域的垄断。因相似的处境与发展道路，中国成为法国在这一国际政治问题上的“盟友”。依托法国自身核科技研究与相关力量建设的经验，法国对中国在尖端科技领域的发展进行了不同于美日等国的解读。尽管法国的分析与中国当时的情况存在较大差异，但法国认可了中国当时科技的巨大进步。同时，中国在尖端科技领域的自立自强为法国挑战冷战两极体系提供了有力的政治支撑。

        The year 2024 marked the 60th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and France. The establishment of diplomatic relations between France and China in 1964 has been called the “nuclear explosion” of the China’s diplomacy because of the milestone in China’s cutting-edge science and technology development in the same year. After the World War II, France sought to regain its status as a great power through its independence in nuclear science and technology research, and to challenge the monopoly of the two superpowers, the United States and the Soviet Union, in this field during the Cold War. Due to the similar situation and development path, China has become France’s “ally” in this international political issue. Relying on France’s own experience in nuclear science and technology research and related force building, France’s interpretation for China’s cutting-edge science and technology development is different from that of the United States and Japan. Although there were big differences between French analysis and China’s situation at that time, France recognized the great progress of China’s science and technology. On the other hand, China’s self-reliance and self-strengthening in the cutting-edge science and technology provided France with strong political support to challenge the bipolar system of the Cold War.