许正中,杨茗月.新时期科学外交的定位与使命[J].中国科学院院刊,2026,41(8):1662-1670.

新时期科学外交的定位与使命

Innovating paradigm of science diplomacy to build a world science center

许正中¹
上海大学 管理学院 上海 200072
XU Zhengzhong¹
School of Management, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, China
杨茗月^2*
中共中央党校(国家行政学院) 经济学教研部 北京 100081
YANG Mingyue^2*
Department of Economics Teaching and Research, Party School of the CPC Central Committee (National Academy of Governance), Beijing 100081, China

         数字文明;科学外交;范式跃迁;世界科学中心;全球科技治理

        digital civilization;science diplomacy;paradigm shift;world scientific center;global science and technology governance

        数字技术蓬勃发展催生科研范式深刻变革，大数据画像、跨学科融合等成为核心特征，科学研究已成为世界级公共产品，大科学装置成为科学发现的关键支撑。由此引发全球科学外交深刻变革，科学外交已从辅助角色转变为世界外交的主战场。如何构建适配新时代需求的科学外交体系，既是我国实现高水平科技自立自强、突破核心技术“卡脖子”困境、建设世界科技强国的内在需求，也是引领国际创新协作、提升全球科技治理制度性话语权、推动构建人类命运共同体的重要路径。文章以习近平外交思想为根本指引，先界定科学外交的核心定义、本质特征与外延边界，再从资源开放共享、伦理规则共建、安全边界平衡、人才文化交流4个维度，打造开放、信任与包容的国际科研生态系统，推进科学外交体系化建设，奠定世界科学中心基础，以此完善全球科学治理秩序，为人类科技进步提供中国方案，助力人类可持续发展。

        Amid the vigorous development of digital technologies, profound transformations are occurring in research paradigms, with data-driven approaches and interdisciplinary integration emerging as core features. Scientific research has evolved into a global public good, and large-scale scientific facilities have become critical pillars for scientific discovery. This has triggered profound changes in global science diplomacy, which has shifted from an auxiliary role to the center of global diplomacy. How to build a science diplomacy system adapted to the needs of the new era is not only an inherent requirement for China to achieve high-level sci-tech self-reliance and self-strengthening, break through the bottleneck of core technologies, and build itself into a global science and technology powerhouse, but also an important path to lead international innovation collaboration, enhance institutional discourse power in global science and technology governance, and promote the building of a community with a shared future for mankind. Guided fundamentally by President Xi Jinping's Diplomatic Thought, this study first defines the core concept, essential characteristics, and extension boundaries of science diplomacy. It then constructs an open, trustworthy, and inclusive international research ecosystem across four dimensions: open sharing of resources, co-construction of ethical rules, balancing of security boundaries, and exchanges of talents and cultures, thereby promoting the systematic development of science diplomacy. Through initiatives such as building a global scientific cooperation network and empowering new digital forms, China's science diplomacy is promoted to transform from an auxiliary role to a central function, laying the foundation for becoming a global science center. The open philosophy it advocates, the construction of digital public goods it promotes, and the international mega-science programs it leads help bridge the global digital divide, improve the order of global science and technology governance, provide Chinese solutions for the progress of human science and technology, and contribute to the achievement of the United Nations 2030 Sustainable Development Goals.